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2016 | 9(13) | 43-60

Article title

National Identity as a General Principle of EU Law and its Impact on the Obligation to Recover State Aid

Content

Title variants

Languages of publication

EN

Abstracts

EN
Unlike other general principles of EU law, which derive from the CJ jurisprudence, the principle of national identity is based on a clear legal provision. Article 4(2) TEU stipulates that the Union shall respect important State functions, like the territorial integrity of the State, maintaining law and order and safeguarding national security. The list of values covered by the national principle identity is open and it is for the Member State to decide what values should be protected by its national identity, while the CJ is only empowered to determine the relevance of national identity under EU law. This article analyses if the principle of national identity could influence the EC examination of State aid and if the EC should refrain from issuing an order to recover incompatible aid, if that aid was to be protected by the Member State’s national identity. There has not yet been a single judgment by the CJ on that issue and the question stays open. The analysis also focuses on the division of competences between Member States and EU institutions in carrying out that analysis, as well as on the requirements for that analysis, including the scope of an examination carried out by EU institutions.
FR
Contrairement aux autres principes généraux du droit de l’Union européenne, qui découlent de la jurisprudence de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne, le principe de l'identité nationale est basé sur une disposition légale claire. L’article 4(2) du Traité sur l’Union européenne prévoit que l'Union doit respecter les fonctions essentielles de l'État, comme l'intégrité territoriale de l'État, le maintien de l'ordre public et la sauvegarde de la sécurité nationale. La liste des valeurs couvertes par le principe de l'identité nationale est ouverte et c’est aux États membres de décider quelles valeurs doivent être protégées par son identité nationale, tandis que la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne est uniquement compétente à déterminer la pertinence de l'identité nationale en vertu du droit de l’Union européenne. Cet article analyse si le principe de l'identité nationale pourrait influencer l’examen d’aide d'État par la Commission européenne et si la Commission européenne devrait s'abstenir d’ordonner la récupération de l’aide incompatible, et à la fin si cette aide devait être protégée par l'identité nationale de l'État membre. Vu que jusqu’au présent il n’y avait pas un seul jugement de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne concernant ce problème, la question reste ouverte. L'analyse entrepris dans cet article se focalise également sur la répartition des compétences entre les États membres et les institutions de l’Union européenne dans le traitement de ce problème, ainsi que sur les exigences pour l’analyse entrepris par l’autorité compétente, y compris sur la portée d'un examen effectué par les institutions de l’Union européenne.

Year

Volume

Pages

43-60

Physical description

Dates

published
2016-06-30
printed
2016-06-30

Contributors

  • Legal Advisor, Phd. The author works for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Poland, dealing with cases on State aid, as well as on cases concerning Energy law, including renewable energy sources. All views expressed in this text should be attributed solely to the Author and not to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

References

  • Besselink, L.F.M. (2012). Respecting Constitutional Identity in the EU, Case Note to Case C-208/09, Sayn-Wittgenstein v. Landeshauptmann von Wien, Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 22 December 2010, nyr. Common Market Law Review, 49 (2), 671-693.
  • Brandtner, B. (2013). Recovery and Insolvency – A case for greater flexibility? GCLC Lunch Talk. Retrived from: https//www.coleurope.eu.
  • Cieśliński, A. (2003). Wspólnotowe prawo gospodarcze. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo C.H. Beck.
  • Cloots, E. (2015). National Identity in EU Law. Oxford: Oxford University Press, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198733768.001.0001.
  • Fontanelli, F. (2011). The European Union’s Charter of Fundamental Rights two years later. Perspectives on Federalism, 3(3).
  • Giraud, A. (2008). A study of the notion of legitimate expectations in State aid recovery proceedings: "Abandon all hope, ye who enter here"? Common Market Law Review, 45(5), 1399-1431.
  • Jaros, K., Ritter, N. (2004). Pleading Legitimate Expectations in the Procedure for the Recovery of State Aid – What are the Recent Developments in Case Law and the Commission's Practice? European State Aid Law, 4.
  • Łętowska, E. (2008a). Dialog i metody. Interpretacja w multicentrycznym systemie prawa (cz. I). Europejski Przegląd Sądowy, 11.
  • Łętowska, E. (2008b), Dialog i metody. Interpretacja w multicentrycznym systemie prawa (cz. II), Europejski Przegląd Sądowy, 12.
  • Mik, C. (2000). Europejskie prawo wspólnotowe. Zagadnienia teorii i praktyki. T. 1. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo C. H. Beck.
  • Sinnaeve, A. (2010), Procedure Regarding Unlawful Aid. In: Heidenhain, M. (ed.). European State Aid Law. München: Verlag C.H. Beck.
  • Thym, D. (2009). In the name of Sovereign Statehood: a critical introduction to the Lisbon judgement of the German Constitutional Court. Common Market Law Review, 46(6), 1795-1822.
  • Tridimas, T. (2006). General Principles of EU Law, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Von Bogdandy, A. and Schill, S. (2011). Overcoming absolute primacy: respect for National identity under the Lisbon Treaty, Common Market Law Review, 48(1), 1-38.

Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.desklight-67e87dc8-8b74-4b8b-86dd-e1d729a8c546
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