EN
The article presents the results of an original study of the defense tactics against discreditation during presidential campaigns in Poland between 1990 and 2015. It argues that in the context of an attack, the response of the targeted candidate is essential for the success or failure of his campaign. Several examples of discreditation are presented and the tactics of the attacked candidate are analyzed and interpreted. The article makes an original contribution to the academic literature on public relations and political marketing by offering a new typology of the defense tactics against discreditation.