Sudańskie dylematy - między bogactwem pomocy a nędzą rzeczywistości

• Authors: Anna Maria Bytyń

Title variants

EN

Sudanese dilemmas - between riches of help and misery of reality

• Languages of publication: PL

Abstracts

EN

The question if Sudan is a rich or poor country brings different answers. Misery has always been understood in different ways in various cultures. In Africa misery is not always in contrast to wealth. In the case of Southern Sudan case you can look for the reasons for misery in the long-standing civil war. This war lasted nearly continuously from gaining independence in 1956 to signing the Comprehensive Peace Agreement in 2005. The wartime caused devastation of the environment, the whole habitat and collapse of functioning of traditional social-economic forms of the local tribes. International community has promised to help Southern Sudan. Is Sudan - after five years since the peace agreement was signed getting richer? How are the non-governmental organizations working in this area? Are they helping? The situation of Southern Sudan after signing the peace agreement was very unstable. The balance of the long-standing war evokes dread even in estimation - about 2 million victims and over 4 million refugees. The humanitarian situation is one of the worst in the world, what is more, local fights are still taking place there. As a result of the peace agreement Southern Sudan is now an autonomic region with its own government, its dominant members are people from one tribe - Dinka, which just intensifies the conflicts between the tribes. International organizations which bring help in Southern Sudan work there on a few levels. It should create some logical entirety, however it causes problems in vindication of the donor's money. The most important players are donors - they divide funds among the United Nations Agencies and different types of non-governmental organizations. After the United Nations, the World Bank and the European Union are the most visible activists in the South. The situation of Southern Sudan is an undeniable proof of the phenomenon of poverty spreading extensively. Economists claim that the main reason for the poverty is lack of capital. Southern Sudan is, however, one of the poorest regions in the world, even though millions of dollars of international aid flow there every year.

Keywords

EN

Africa; Sudan; Refugees; Humanitarian aid

• Publisher: Instytut Nauk Politycznych, Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
• Journal: Forum Politologiczne
• Year: 2011
• Volume: 12 - Problemy bogactwa i biedy we współczesnej Afryce
• Pages: 367-391

Contributors

author

Anna Maria Bytyń

• Uniwersytet Szczeciński

References

• Allocation Paper to Apportion US$112 Million through the Common Humanitarian Fund for Sudan in 2010, Common Humanitarian Fund Sudan, http://www.unsudanig.org.
• CHF Allocation Statistics, Common Humanitarian Fund for Sudan, 22.07.2009, s. 1, http://www.unsudanig.org/workplan/chf/2010/index.php.
• Cropley E., ln southern Sudan, for the Money, Reuters Agency, http:// www.alertnet.org.
• Czachór Z., Uczestnicy stosunków międzynarodowych, w: Stosunki międzynarodowe, red. W. Malendowski, C. Mojsiewicz, Warszawa 2003.
• European Commission Humanitarian Aid Office (ECHO), http://www.ec.europa.eu/echo.
• Framework for Sustained Peace, Development and Poverty Eradication, Joint Assessment Mission Sudan, Vol. 1, Synthesis, , http://www.internal-displacement.org.
• Gołdanowski P., Chiny Afryką silne, „Stosunki Międzynarodowe" 2006, nr 44-45.
• Humanitarian Aid for the most vulnerable population in Sudan, Raport European Commission Humanitarian Aid Office (ECHO), Global Plan for 2006, December 2005, http://www.ec.europa.eu.
• Kampania Wodna Polskiej Akcji Humanitarnej, Program Wodny w Sudanie, http://www.wodapitna.pl.
• Kevane M., Economic Development in Sudan: Some reflections on the Joint Assessment Mission Report, Santa Clara University, Canada, http://www.lsb.scu.edu/mkevane/.
• Kłosińska B., Stróżyk J., Młodzi budują studnie w Sudanie, http://www.rp.pl.
• Mailer M., Poole L., Rescuing the Peace in Southern Sudan, Oxfam International Report, Joint NGO Briefing Paper, January 2010, http://www.oxfam.org.
• Martin E., City of Dreams? Harsh realities for Juba's new urban poor, http://www.alertnet.org.
• Over 50% of Southern Sudan below poverty line: SCCSE report, http://www.mirayafm.org.
• Polska Akcja Humanitarna, http://www.pah.org.pl.
• Rajnehma M., Bieda, w: „Dialogi o Rozwoju', red. Barbara Lisocka-Jaegermann, Warszawa 2007.
• Raport Roczny Polskiej Akcji Humanitarnej za rok 2006 i 2007, http:// www.pah.org.
• Raporty Tygodniowe Misji Polskiej Akcji Humanitarnej w Sudanie 2006- 2008, http://www.pah.org.pl.
• Roczny Raport UNDP dla Powszechnego Funduszu Humanitarnego za 2006 rok, http://ww w.workplan.unsudanig.org.
• Rescuing the Peace in Southern Sudan, Joint NGO Briefing Paper, Oxfam International, January 2010, http://ww w.oxfam.org.uk.
• Sasin P., Misja w Sudanie - Budowa jedenastu studni zakończona, http://www.pah.org.pl.
• Sasin P., Misja w Sudanie - Remonty studni w Sudanie Południowym, http://www.pah.org.pl.
• Save the Children, http://ww w.savethechildren.org.
• South Sudan Friends lnternational, Inc., http://ww w.southsudanfriends.org.
• Southern Sudan needs help to avoid war, aid agencies say, http://www.edition.cnn.com.
• Southern Sudan NGO Forum, http://www.ngoforum.info/
• Status of projects in execution (SOPE) - FY09, Annual Report, Word Bank, http://www-wds.worldbank.org.
• Sudan - Complex Emergency, Situation Report #8, - (FY) 8.06.2010, http://www.usaid.gov.
• Sudan Recovery Fund for Southern Sudan SRF-SS, Term of Reference, http://www.sd.undp.org.
• Synthesis Framework for Sustained Peace, Development and Poverty Eradication, Join Assessment Mission in Sudan, 18.03.2005, s. 10, http://www.goss-online.org.
• The United States Agency for lnternational Development (USAlD), http://www.usaid.gov.
• The World Bank, http://www.web.worldbank.org.
• The World Bank Help in Sudan, http://www.worldbank.org/sd.
• United Nations and Partners Work Plan For Sudan, http://workplan.unsudanig.org.
• Vidal J., Southern Sudan development 'hindered by World Bank', http://www.guardian.co.uk.
• World Bank spent only third of donors fund for South Sudan - report, http://www.sudantribune.com.
• World Relief, http://www.community.wr.org.
• Ząbek M., Historia Sudanu do 1989 roku, w: Róg Afryki, red. J. Mantel- Niećko, M. Ząbek, Warszawa 1999.
• Zygierewicz A., Pomoc humanitarna Unii Europejskiej, Biuro Analiz Sejmowych, nr 12(59), Warszawa 2009.