EN
Theory of trade is a name dealing with trade as a scientific discipline, which is made up of a set of generalised knowledge of trade, of laws determining its essence and operation. This scientific discipline also includes the knowledge of the origin of the relations, operation of these relations, and their means and tools in trade. Theory of trade is a summary of numerous interrelated and partial theories of trade, which are based on the pillars of general economic theory and general trade theory. The aim of the paper is to highlight the importance of some of these theories with focus on their historical retrospective as well as to evaluate to what extent each of these theories is justified.