Aid, Governance and Public Finance Fraud: Evidence from Zimbabwe

• Authors: Weronika J. Krawczyk

Title variants

PL

Pomoc rozwojowa, rządy i nadużycia finansów publicznych: dowody z Zimbabwe

• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

The purpose of this case study article is to explore the process of public finance fraud resulting in an unjust enrichment of local ruling elites in Zimbabwe, a resource-rich yet paradoxically fragile state characterised by decades of rule by Robert Mugabe. The article examines the phenomenon of political corruption occurring in Zimbabwe and translating into the mismanagement and misuse of public revenues from natural resources for the sake of private gain and power consolidation. Furthermore, the article looks at the link between corruption and illicit financial flows by examining complex organisational networks and mechanisms created for the sake of diverting public assets with the help of front companies. Finally, since political corruption is inherently connected to the quality of governance, the author explores the impact of governance on human development as well as the effectiveness of foreign aid channelled to Zimbabwe. The article was written on the basis of an analysis of secondary sources including a review of relevant literature and existing evidence. The findings of this research coincide with a general academic standpoint supporting the narrative that both natural resources and aid have negative consequences for governance, the rule of law, and, consequently, human development, especially in countries governed by unscrupulous leaders.

PL

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest zbadanie procesów nadużyć finansów publicznych, prowadzących do bezpodstawnego wzbogacenia się elit rządzących w Zimbabwe – kraju bogatym w surowce naturalne, lecz – paradoksalnie – niestabilnym wskutek dziesięcioleci rządów Roberta Mugabe. Artykuł analizuje zjawisko korupcji politycznej występującej w Zimbabwe, przekładającej się na złe zarządzanie dochodem narodowym z zasobów naturalnych w celu osiągnięcia prywatnych korzyści oraz konsolidacji władzy. Ponadto, poprzez analizę złożonych sieci oraz mechanizmów organizacyjnych, stworzonych w celu wyprowadzenia majątku publicznego przy pomocy firm fasadowych, w artykule zbadane zostały powiązania pomiędzy zjawiskami korupcji i nielegalnych przepływów pieniężnych. W końcu, ponieważ korupcja polityczna z natury powiązana jest z jakością rządzenia państwem, artykuł analizuje wpływ tej ostatniej na rozwój społeczny, a także efektywność pomocy rozwojowej przekazanej do Zimbabwe. Artykuł napisany został na podstawie analizy źródeł wtórnych, do których zaliczają się istniejące publikacje oraz materiał dowodowy. Jego ustalenia pokrywają się z ogólnym stanowiskiem środowiska akademickiego, które utrzymuje, że zasoby naturalne oraz pomoc rozwojowa mają negatywny wpływ na jakość rządzenia państwem, praworządność oraz, co za tym idzie, na rozwój społeczny, szczególnie w krajach rządzonych przez bezwzględnych przywódców.

Keywords

EN

Africa; corruption; Zimbabwe; resource curse; foreign aid

PL

Afryka; korupcja; Zimbabwe; klątwa surowcowa; pomoc zagraniczna

• Publisher: Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. Kolegium Analiz Ekonomicznych
• Journal: Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics
• Year: 2019
• Volume: 299
• Issue: 3
• Pages: 119-144

Dates

published

2019-09-30

received

2019-03-14

accepted

2019-07-23

Contributors

author

Weronika J. Krawczyk

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Identifiers

DOI

10.33119/GN/111468