Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

PL EN


2022 | 26 | 1 |

Article title

Failure and opportunities of public value capture and developer obligations in Polish urban development

Content

Title variants

Languages of publication

Abstracts

EN
As many countries pursue private financing for urban public infrastructure, the tools for public value capture (PVC) gain prominence. This paper analyses Polish PVC tools in general, and spotlights a specific type: developer obligations (DOs). The authors conclude that the tools are inefective for a series of reasons: negligence in the elaboration of pragmatic rationales (to mitigate the negative impacts of urban development), a lack of feasible (afordable) coercive land policy tools, and legislation (which puts Poland in sharp contrast to other countries) that prohibits municipalities from requiring DOs in exchange for approval of a land-use plan or planning permit, as well as the general ban on securing such obligations in a planning agreement (except for specific situations introduced by recent laws that have not yet been applied). As a consequence, new urban development in Poland neither includes suficient urban public infrastructure, nor does it provide for social/ afordable housing.

Contributors

  • Radboud Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  • Faculty of Architecture, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
  • Faculty of Geograohy and Regional Studies, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland

References

  • Alterman, R 2009, 'Can the “unearned increment” in land values be harnessed to supply afordable housing?', in Proceedings of Conference Financing afordable housing and infrastructure in cities: towards innovative land and property taxation system, UN Habitat GLTN, Warsaw.
  • Alterman, R 2012, 'Land-Use Regulations and Property Values. The “Windfalls Capture” Idea Revisited' in The Oxford Handbook on Urban Economics and Planning, eds N Brooks, K Donangy & GJ Knapp, Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 755-786.
  • Bailey, SJ 1990, 'Charges for local infrastructure', The Town Planning Review, vol. 61, no. 4, pp. 427-453.
  • Bowers, J 1992, 'The Economics of Planning Gain: a reappraisal', Urban Studies, vol. 29, no. 8, pp. 1329-1339.
  • Bromley, DW 2000, 'Regulatory takings and land use conflicts' in Property Rights, Economics, and the Environment, ed M D Kaplowitz, JAI Press, Stamford, pp. 23-33.
  • Burge, G 2010, 'The efects of development impact fees on local ifscal conditions' in Municipal revenues and land policies, eds GK Ingram & YH Hong, Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, Cambridge, pp. 182-212.
  • Burón Cuadrado, J 2006, 'Land reserves for subsidized housing: lessons learned from Vitoria-Gasteiz', Architecture, City and Environment, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 85-103
  • Callies, DL & Grant, M 1991, 'Paying for Growth and Planning Gain: An Anglo-American Comparsion of Development Conditions, Impact Fees and Development Agreements', The Urban Lawyer, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 221-248.
  • Catney P & Henneberry J 2019, 'Change in the political economy of land value capture in England', Town Planning Review, vol. 90, no. 4, pp. 339-358.
  • Clusa, J & Mur, S 2007, 'La experiencia británica 1973-2006 de JGB y el pago de una deuda pendiente´ ['JGB's British experience 1973-2006 and the payment of a debt'], ACE Architecture, City and Environment, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 122- 149.
  • Crook, T 2016, 'Planning Obligations Policy in England: de facto Taxation of Development Value', in Planning Gain. Providing Infrastructure & Afordable Housing , eds T Crook, J Henneberry & C Whitehead, RICS Research, WILEY Blackwell, Chichester, pp. 63-114.
  • Czekiel-Świtalska, E 2005, 'Miejscowy plan zagospodarowania przestrzennego a skutki ekonomiczne jego uchwalenia' [Local development plan and economic eefcts of its adoption], Przestrzeń i Forma [Space and Form], vol. 1, pp. 87-92.
  • Czempas, J 2010, 'Udział podatku od nieruchomości w budżetach gmin woj. śląskiego' ['Share of real property tax in the budgets of municipalities of Śląskie voivodeship'], Wiadomości Statystyczne [Statistic News], vol. 6, pp. 59-64.
  • Dunning, R, Lord, A, Keskin, B & Buck, M 2019, 'Is there a relationship between planning culture and the value of planning gain? Evidence from England', Town Planning Review, vol. 90, no. 4, pp. 453-472.
  • Ferm, J & Raco, M 2020, 'Viability Planning, Value Capture and the Geographies of Market-Led Planning Reform in England', Planning Theory & Practice, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 218-235.
  • Demetrio Muñoz Gielen https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6863-2336
  • Tomasz Ossowicz https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9979-8873
  • Tomasz Piotr Zaborowski https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9656-5169
  • George, H 1879, Progress and Poverty, 2006 edited and abridged edition, Robert Schalkenbach Foundation, New York.
  • Hartmann, T & Spit, T 2015, 'Dilemmas of involvement in land management - Comparing an active (Dutch) and passive (German) approach', Land Use Policy, vol. 42, pp. 729-737.
  • Healey, P, Purdue, M & Ennis, F 1996, 'Negotiating development: Planning gain and mitigating impacts', Journal of Property Research, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 143-160.
  • Hełdak, M, Szczepański, J & Stacherzak, A 2011, 'Prognozowanie skutków finansowych uchwalenia planu miejscowego w zakresie realizacji infrastruktury technicznej' ['Forecasting Financial Impact of Adopting the Local Development Plan within the Scope of Technical Infrastructure Provision'], Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich [ Infrastructure and Ecology of Rural Areas], no. 1, pp. 139-149.
  • Gozalvo Zamorano, MJ & Muñoz Gielen, D 2017, 'Non-Negotiable Developer Obligations in the Spanish Land Readjustment: An Efective Passive Governance Approach that 'de facto' Taxes Development Value?', Planning Practice & Research, vol. 32, no. 3, 274-296.
  • Hobma, FAM 2014, Internationale vergelijking financiering en kostenverhaal bij organische gebiedsontwikkeling [International comparison financing of public infrastructure in organic urban development], TU Delft, Delft.
  • IHS Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam, 2019, Rapportage naar het gebruik van art. 6.24, lid 1 onder a Wro (financiële bijdrage aan ruimtelijke ontwikkelingen) [The use of art. 6.24 Urban Planning Act - financial contribution towards large public infrastructure], end version 19/06/2019, commissioned by the Ministry of Internal Afairs and the Dutch Federation of Municipalities.
  • Ingram, GK & Hong, YH (eds) 2010, Municipal revenues and land policies, Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, Cambridge.
  • Ingram GK & Hong, YH (eds) 2012, Value capture and land policies, YH Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, Cambridge.
  • Izdebski, H, Felicki, A & Zachariasz, I 2007, Zagospodarowanie przestrzenne - polskie prawo na tle standardów demokratycznego państwa prawnego [ Urban development - Polish law in the light of standard of the democratic rule of law], Ernst & Young, Warszawa.
  • Kowalewski, A, Mordasiewicz, J, Osiatyński, J, Regulski, J, Stępień, J & Sleszyński, P 2014, 'Economiczne straty i społeczne koszty niekontrolowanej urbanizacji w Polsce - wybrane fragmenty raportu' ['Spatial development - Polish law in light of the democratic, legal state standards'], Samorząd Terytorialny [Territorial self-government], vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 5-21.
  • Kresse, K, Kang, M, Kim, SI & van der Krabben, E 2019, 'Value capture from development gains towards publi utility. The case of Seoul, Republic of Korea' in Public Infrastructure, Private Finance, eds D Muñoz Gielen & van der Krabben, Routledge, London, pp. 174-184.
  • Lambelet, S & Viallon, FX 2019, 'The influence of politization on the implementation of developer obligations in a federalist country. Evidence from Switzerland' in Public Infrastructure, Private Finance, eds D Muñoz Gielen & van der Krabben, Routledge, London, pp. 100-109.
  • Lord, A, Burgess, G, Gu, Y & Dunning, R 2019, 'Virtuous or vicious circles? Exploring the behavioural connections between developer contributions and path dependence: Evidence from England', Geoforum, vol. 106, pp. 244-252.
  • Loughlin, M 1981, 'Planning Gain: Law, Policy and Practice', Oxford Journal of Legal Studies, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 61-97.
  • Marmolejo Duarte, C & Plocikiewicz, M 2012, 'El derecho de superficie sobre suelos públicos: el caso polaco' ['Landlease rights on public land: the Polish case'], Ciudad y Territorio-Estudios Territoriales [City and Territory - Territorial Studies], vol. 44, no. 172, pp. 299-313.
  • Ministry of Housing, Communities & Local Government 2020, The Incidence, Value and Delivery of Planning Obligations and Community Infrastructure Levy in England in 2018-19, London.
  • Monk, S & Crook, T 2016, 'International Experience' in Planning Gain. Providing Infrastructure & Afordable Housing eds T Crook, J Henneberry & C Whitehead, RICS Research, WILEY Blackwell, Chichester, pp. 227-268.
  • Morais de Sá, A & Dias Correia, PV 2019, 'Developers' obligations in Portugal. The imperfect equation for value capture' in Public Infrastructure, Private Finance, eds D Muñoz Gielen & van der Krabben, Routledge, London, pp. 135-142.
  • Muñoz Gielen, D 2010, Capturing value increase in urban redevelopment, Sidestone Press, Leiden.
  • Muñoz Gielen, D 2019a, 'The Netherlands: developer obligations towards cost recovery' in Public Infrastructure, Private Finance, eds D Muñoz Gielen & van der Krabben, Routledge,
  • Muñoz Gielen, D 2019b, 'Spain. Developer obligations and land readjustment' in Public Infrastructure, Private Finance, eds D Muñoz Gielen & van der Krabben, Routledge, London, pp. 121-133.
  • Muñoz Gielen, D & Lenferink, S 2018, 'The role of developer obligations in financing large public infrastructure after the economic crisis in the Netherlands', European Planning
  • Muñoz Gielen, D & Lora-Tamayo Vallvé, M 2018, 'The use of compulsory property acquisition and land readjustment in urban densification in Spain' in Compulsory Property Acquisition for Urban Densification , ed G Searle, Routledge Complex Real Property Rights Series. Routledge, Oxon, pp. 81-93.
  • Muñoz Gielen, D, Maguregui Salas, I & Burón Cuadrado, J 2017, 'International comparison of the changing dynamics of governance approaches to land development and their results for public value capture', Cities, vol. 71, pp. 123-134.
  • Muñoz Gielen, D & Mualam, N 2019, 'A framework for analyzing the efectiveness and eficiency of land readjustment regulations: Comparison of Germany, Spain and Israel', Land Use Policy, vol. 87.
  • Muñoz Gielen, D & van der Krabben, E (eds) 2019, Public Infrastructure, Private Finance: Developer Obligations and Responsibilities, Routledge Research in Planning and Urban Design, Taylor & Francis, London, New York.
  • Needham, B & Hartmann, T 2012, Planning By Law and Property Rights Reconsidered, Routledge, London.
  • Nelicki, A, & Zachariasz, I 2008, 'Planowanie przestrzenne a udział podmiotów prywatnych w budowie infrastruktury publicznej. Rozwiązania polskie a wybranych krajów UE i USA' [Land-use planning and contribution of private entities in the construction of public infrastructure. Polish solutions in the light of selected EU countries and USA], Samorząd Terytorialny [Territorial Self-government], vol. 10, pp. 29-41.
  • O'Neill, PM 2010, 'Infrastructure Financing and Operation in the Contemporary City', Geographical Research, vol. 48, no. 1,
  • Oxley, M 2006, 'The Gain from the Planning-Gain Supplement: A Consideration of the Proposal for a New Tax to Boost Housing Supply in the UK', European Journal of Housing Policy, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 101-113.
  • Peddle, MT & Lewis, L 1996, 'Development exactions as growth management and local infrastructure finance tools', Public Works Management & Policy, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 129-144.
  • Pogliani, L 2019, 'Developer obligations for public services' in Public Infrastructure, Private Finance, eds D Muñoz Gielen & van der Krabben, Routledge, London, pp. 111-120.
  • Prejs, E 2017, 'Is it possible to enter into a valid and enforceable development agreement?- the example of Poland', Proceedings of 11th Annual Conference International Academic Association Planning, Law and Property Rights, Hong Kong.
  • Prest, AR 1981, The taxation of urban land, Manchester University Press, Manchester.
  • Rogalska, J 2016, 'Znaczenie podatku od nieruchomości w dochodach podatkowych miasta Kielce' ['Significance of real property tax in fiscal incomes of Kielce city'], Acta Scientifica Academiae Ostroviensis Zeszyty Naukowe [Scientific Acts of Ostrowiec Academy Scientific Notebooks ], vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 135-145.
  • Rumińska, M 2015, Skuteczność poboru opłat planistycznych i adiacenckich jako skutków planowania miejscowego w subregionie ciechanowskim [ The efectiveness of planning and betterment levies collection as result of binding local planning in Ciechanów subregion], Ph.D. thesis, University of Warsaw.
  • Ryś, R 2020, 'Władztwo i aktywność gmin w zagospodarowaniu przestrzennym - próba oceny oraz propozycja działań' ['The authority and activity of local authorities in spatial development - evaluation and proposals'], in Conference II Polski Kongres Prawa Planowania i Zagospodarowania Przestrzennego [Conference of the 2nd Polish Congress of Planning and Spatial Development Law], Warsaw.
  • Sense Turk, S & Belgin Gumru, F 2019, 'Use of Negotiable Developer Obligations (NDOs) in urban planning and land development systems in Turkey' in Public Infrastructure, Private Finance, eds D Muñoz Gielen & van der Krabben, Routledge, London, pp. 143-152.
  • Sjoquist, DL & Stephenson, AV 2010, 'An Analysis of Alternative Revenue Sources for Local Governments' in Municipal revenues and land policies, eds GK Ingram & YH Hong, Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, Cambridge.
  • Śleszyński, P 2015, 'Gospodarka finansowa gmin w świetle prognoz skutków finansowych obowiązujących miejscowych planów zagospodarowania przestrzennego w 2013 r.' ['Financial Management of ñonicipalities in the Light of Financial Forecats of Local Development Plans in Force in 2013'], Finanse Komunalne [Municipal Finances], vol. 5, pp. 7-21.
  • Śleszyński, P, Deręgowska, A, Mazurek, D, Stępniak, M, Sudra, PW & Zielińska, B 2017, Analiza stanu i uwarunkowań prac planistycznych w gminach w 2015 roku [ Analysis of the State and Conditions of Planning in Municipalities in the Year 2015], Report of IGiPZ PAN for the Ministry of Infrastructure and Construction, Warszawa.
  • Śleszyński, P, Nowak, M, Sudra, P, Załęczna, M & Blaszke, M 2021, 'Economic Consequences of Adopting Local Spatial Development Plans for the Spatial Management System: The Case of Poland', Land, vol. 10, no. 2.
  • Śleszyński, P & Sudra, P 2016, 'Skutki finansowe uchwalenia miejscowych planów zagospodarowania przestrzennego dla gmin według danych na koniec 2014 roku' ['Financial Impact of Adopting Local Development Plans according to the Data from the End of the Year 2014'], Człowiek i Środowisko [Human and Environment], vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 29-52.
  • Smith, JJ & Gihring, TA 2016, 'Financing Transit Systems Through Value Capture. An Annotated Bibliography', American Journal of Economics and Sociaology, vol. 65, no. 3, pp. 751-786.
  • Smolka, MO 2013, Implementing Value Capture in Latin America: Policies and Tools for Urban Development, Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, Cambridge.
  • van der Krabben, E & Jacobs, HM 2013, 'Public land development as a strategic tool for redevelopment: Reflections on the Dutch experience', Land Use Policy, vol. 30, pp. 774-783.
  • Webster, CJ 1998, 'Public choice, Pigouvian and Coasian planning theory', Urban Studies, vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 3-75.
  • Zaborek, D & Czarnecki, K 2018, 'Podatki lokalne jako źródło dochodów samorządu gminnego. Analiza podatku od nieruchomości, podatku rolnego i leśnego w gminie Lidzbark w latach 2010-2015' ['Local taxes as a source of income of the municipal self-government. Analysis of the real property tax, agricultural tax and forestry tax in the municipality of Lidzbark in the years 2010-2015'], Prawo Budżetowe Państwa i Samorządu [Budgetary Law of the State and Selfgovernment], vol. 2, no. 6, pp. 47-71.
  • Zaborowski, T 2018, 'Land Acquisition and Land Value Capture Instruments as Determinants of Public Urban Infrastructure Provision: A Comparison of the Polish Legal Framework with its German Counterpart', Geographia Polonica, vol. 91, no. 3, pp. 353-369.

Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

Biblioteka Nauki
2092543

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.ojs-doi-10_2478_mgrsd-2020-0071
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.