„Psychologia nurkowania”. Badanie lęku u płetwonurków

• Authors: Niewiedział Dorota

Title variants

EN

“Diving psychology”. The study of anxiety in diving

• Languages of publication: PL

Abstracts

PL

Celem artykułu jest przegląd piśmiennictwa psychologicznego odnoszącego się do nurkowania. Literatura na temat porusza dwa główne zagadnienia z perspektywy psychologicznej: stopień przystosowania psychicznego jednostki do podwodnego środowiska oraz stan psychofizyczny człowieka zaangażowanego w określony rodzaj nurkowania i wynikające z niego umiejętności/kompetencje do wykonywania zadania pod wodą. W artykule przedstawiono wybrane raporty z całego świata dotyczące psychologii nurkowania wynikające z zastosowanej struktury/klasyfikacji teorii psychologicznych, wyjaśniających różne mechanizmy funkcjonowania psychicznego człowieka pod wodą. Przedstawiono badania z perspektywy psychodynamicznej, psychologii zdrowia/stresu, psychologii różnic indywidualnych i osobowości. W podejmowanej dyskusji psychologicznej na temat nurkowania odrębnym problemem w zakresie psychologii klinicznej jest doświadczenie lęku przez nurków. Traktowanie wysokiego wskaźnika lęku jako predyktora – lęku panicznego wskazuje na ważność tej cechy w przewidywaniu zagrożeń –wypadków nurkowych w czasie funkcjonowania pod wodą. W prezentowanych w artykule badaniach własnych uzyskane wyniki na temat poziomu lęku-cechy i stanu u nurków biorących udział w ekspozycjach hiperbarycznych wskazują na fakt występowania u większości badanych niskiego poziomu lęku-cechy oraz stanu, co najprawdopodobniej świadczy o dobrej kondycji psychicznej badanych płetwonurków.

EN

The aim of the article is to conduct a literature review in relation to the psychological aspects of diving. The literature on this subject matter raises two main issues of the psychological perspective: the degree of psychological adaptation of an individual to the underwater environment, and the psychophysical condition of a man involved in a specific type of diving and the resulting skills/competences to perform underwater tasks. The article presents selected reports from around the world related to diving psychology resulting from the applied structure/classification of psychological theories, explaining various mechanisms of psychological functioning underwater. The paper presents studies from the perspective of psychodynamics, psychology of health/stress, psychology of individual differences and personality. In the psychological discussion about diving, a separate problem in the field of clinical psychology is the experience of diving anxiety. Treating the high anxiety index as a predictor of the panic rate indicates the importance of this feature in predicting dangers -diving accidents during underwater operation. In our own studies presented in the article, the results on the level of the trait and condition in divers involved in hyperbaric exposures indicate that the majority of subjects have low anxiety level and condition, which most probably indicates good mental condition of the scuba diver.

Keywords

PL

psychologia nurkowania; lęk u nurków; adaptacja psychologiczna do środowiska; podwodnego.

EN

diving psychology; fear in divers; psychological adaptation to the underwater; environment.

• Publisher: Oficyna Wydawnicza Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego
• Journal: Psychologiczne Zeszyty Naukowe
• Year: 2018
• Issue: 2
• Pages: 93-112

Contributors

author

Niewiedział Dorota

• Uniwersytet Zielonogórski

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