Rezerwaty architektury ludowej na Słowacji

• Authors: Medvecká Mária

Title variants

EN

RESERVES OF FOLK ARCHITECTURE IN SLOVAKIA

• Languages of publication: PL EN

Abstracts

EN

From a viewpoint of the theory of monuments protection the preservation of historic complexes in form of reserves seems most suitable. Most of the values of folk building, quality of architecture as well as its urbanistic value are preserved and the entire historic environment is then protected. Natural and cultural diversity of Slovakia’s landscape has found its expression in a big number of different forms of folk architecture, which developed most rapidly at the end of the 19th and early 20th centuries. The first major campaign for the protection of folk architecture in Slovakia was the reconstruction of the village of Ćićmany after fire in 1921 with its characteristic chipped houses covered with sophisticated geometric ornaments. Ćićmany was the first village to be recognized as a reserve in 1977. There are nine reserves of folk architecture in Slovakia: Brhlovce and Velke Levare in west Slovakian district, Ćićmany, Podbiel’, Sebechleby, Spania Dolina and Vlkolinec in Central Slovakia, Żdiar and Osturna in east Slovakian district. In Brhlovce the protection is extended to a complex of housing and farming quarters hewn in a steep rock slope, In soft porous tuff of volcanic origin. In the village of Velke Levare protection covers the so-called "Habansky manor", i.e. a group of clay houses erected around a square market place and making an independent entity. Rooms in the attick under high roofs were used for drying earthenware pots, which was the main job of anababtists. A group of cellars and wine houses, situated at the outskirts of Sebechleby, were also recognized as a reserve. The cellars were hollowed in the bed rock and over them oneor two-room plastered stone houses were put up. Hip roofs, protruding on one part and supported with wooden pillars, make additional semi-open quarters. Spania Dolina, situated on an uneven site, has houses with high underpinning brickwork and "wooden storage rooms” . There are more living-in than farming quarters in there as the main job of villagers was mining. Vlkolinec is a village arranged as a densely built-up street with elongated crofts. The reserve covers the entire village, which is the only village in Slovakia with no modern buildings. Żdiar has a "loose chain" construction and the crofts are encircled from all four sides. Chipped houses are built from the halves and ridge and hip roofs are covered with shingle. A similar kind of buildings is found in Osturna. Various criterions have been taken into account when choosing complexes to be recognized as reserves. First and foremost these were ethnographic elements and also present technical condition of the buildings and possibilities to use them for touristic purposes.

Keywords

PL

rezerwaty architektury ludowej; architektura ludowa na Słowacji; ochrona zespołów zabytkowych; budownictwo ludowe; zabytkowa wieś Čičmany

• Publisher: Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
• Journal: Ochrona Zabytków
• Year: 1987
• Issue: 4
• Pages: 284-289

Dates

published

1987

Contributors

author

Medvecká Mária

• Statny ustaw pamiatkowej starostlivosti, Bratislava (Państwowy Urząd Ochrony Zabytków w Bratysławie)

References

• Fr o l e c Vac l av , Ludova stavebna kultura na Slovensku a je j vyznam pre poznanie kulturneho vyvoja v Karpatoch. „Pamiatky a priroda" 1980, ć. 4, s. 18-21.
• M e d v e c k a Ma r i a , Pamiatkove rezervacie Tudovej architektury v SSR. „Pamiatky a pri’roda'' 1980, с. 4, s. 10- 13.
• M e d v e c k a Ma r i a , Stav pamia tkovych rezervacii l'udovej architektury na Slovensku. Pamiatkova starostlivost’ о l’udovu architekturu a technicke pamiatky. Bratislava 1983, s. 13-20.
• N о v a k о v o M i I a d a, Oć jde v ochrane pamatek lidove architektury. „Pamatkova pece" 1971, c. 2, s. 66—74.
• Pr a z a k Vi l em, К problematice malby śrubowych d o mu с Ćicmanech. Ludove stavitel'stvo a byvanie na Slovensku. Bratislava 1963, s. 9-88.
• Puskar Imrich, Ludova architektura a jej ochrana и nas a zahrania. Zbiornik SNM 58, Etnografia 5, 1964, s. 12— -47.
• Puskar Imrich, Staw a perspektivy Tudovej architektury na Slovenku. „Pamiatky a priroda” 1971, c. 5-6, s. 3-14.

Notes

PL

Tłumaczenie — Magdalena Cumkowska

Identifiers

ISSN

0029-8247