Ściana południowa centrum Warszawy : studium projektowe rewaloryzacji zespołu zabudowy z drugiej połowy XIX i początku XX w.

• Authors: Gruszecka Krystyna , Gruszecki Andrzej

Title variants

EN

THE SOUTH WALL OF THE CENTRE OF WARSAW

• Languages of publication: PL EN

Abstracts

EN

The present report is a complex design study in which possibilities of the renewal of housing estates from the turn of the 19th and 20 th centuries have been investigated. The examined group of three quarters is situated in the very centre of Warsaw between Jerozolimskie Avenue, Marszałkowska, Nowogrodzka and E. Plater streets, opposite the Palace of Culture and Sciences, a railway station and a future airport depot. These 19th-century housing estates represent one of few authentic examples that have survived in Warsaw in their original form until today. In the first place we should mention here a central quarter with a chess- board arrangement of cramped w e ll-like courtyards typical of the building policy in that period. The renewal plan has been worked out by a team under direction o f dr A. Gruszecki at Architectural Department of the Warsaw Higher School of Technology (Politechnika) upon the recommendation of the Capital Monuments Conservator. This complex is to provide an important element in the structure of the centre of the town by integrating two new complexes of concentrated servicing, i.e. the so-called East Wall at Marszałkowska street and the West Wall along E. Plater street, just under construction. The inclusion of the 19th-century buildings into a ’’c ity ” system has resulted in a need to develop there services, as this used to be mainly a housing region. Thus, a renewal plan had to take into account a number of problems: to preserve historic values of three blocks of flats situated between two complexes of modern housing estates, which finely enriches the centre’s landscape; to increase a scope of services (shops, crafts, culture), and at the same time to improve housing conditions. The first stage of the presentation were research analyses of the present condition. A historical study has been prepared and summed up with conclusions on conservation problems. The buildings have been described in a chronological order (dating); their period and local values have been brought to the fore, with a spatial arrangement of the interiors and elevations treated separately. Details of the interiors and courtyards in the middle block of flats have been recorded and evaluated. This was necessary for making decisions on the location of services in attractive premises. All storeys were included into a recording study. \ state o f ownership was also examined. In the majority of cases these are state-owned flats, although in the recent years more and more tenants tend to buy them up. It has been thus specified which flats, when bought up, may escape a programme of renewal. The study covered also a technical condition of buildings, their elevations, constructional and installation e le ments. A degree of wear has been determined in per cent in c o m p a r i s o n to new buildings ox their elements. Repair costs of individual objects have been estimated. A particular attention has been paid to the analysis of the existing condition, talking into account environmental contamination (air, noise), insolation, demographic al and socioiogiai aspects as w e ll as insolation o f the courtyard at different hours of the day. For the first t ime in Poland, time of insolation for each particular storey has been examined. This enabled the best use of the houses in different arrangements for living purposes. Demographical studies on the size of flats and density structure provided a picture of an uneven distribution of inhabitants in the examined quarters. This o ffers material important for design purposes. Sociological studies have made it possible to base design proposals on the opinions of inhabitants, in particular with regard to arduousness of the environment, requirements in the field of services, recreation and emotional links with the existing houses. Basing on the results of the studies a comprehensive picture of cultural and technical conditions was drawn, thanks to which if was possible to make decisions on spatial transformations. The n ex t stage of the work were design outlines. 6 variants were prepared ranging from minor spatial changes to re la tiv e ly major demolitions, resulting from an analysis of historic values. After a public discussion one o f the variants was chosen as a basic concept and two other variants were left for further more detailed elaboration. A new renewal design envisages for a multi-level, partia lly underground, garage to be b u ilt-in into the inside of the quarter at E. Plater street. At the quarters situated at the side of Jerozolimskie Avenue a large number of hotels and pensions as well as catering institutions is to be set цр; blocks of flats at Nowogrodzka street w ill be left and crafts repair shops will be opened on the ground floor. Two intersecting trading passage runs designed at two levels, partially in old and partially in new buildings raised in the place of pulled down outbuildings of not much value are to be introduced into the central quarter. The idea behind it is to have a shopping centre concentrated at Jerozolimskie Avenue, while cultural institutions will be in the inside of the quarter. Nowogrodzka street will house crafts institutions. The courtyards and e x tensions of the passage runs w ill be used for sports facilities, play-grounds et.e. As for the outside part, it is postulated to carefully preserve and restore the original appearance and details of the 19th-century buildings, with a superstructure in a modern style harmonizing with that of the British Institute. New additions in the insides w ill be modern. For the central quarter variant I has been prepared; it preserves an original chess-board arrangement of roofs by treating them partially as an open-work and by opening the space underneath, which gives better insolation and airing of the inside of the buildings. According to variant II all w e ll-lik e courtyards are to be maintained in the central quarter, shallowing them partly by putting roofs at the height of the first floor. The preservation of the former spatial arrangement in the entire quarter results in much worse conditions for the man and this applies mainly to housing conditions.

Keywords

PL

projekt rewaloryzacji ściany południowej; rewaloryzacja Warszawy; adaptacja zabudowy dziewiętnastowiecznej; ściana południowa w Warszawie; dziewiętnastowieczna zabudowa mieszkaniowa w Warszawie; Aleje Jerozolimskie; analiza architektoniczna

• Publisher: Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
• Journal: Ochrona Zabytków
• Year: 1983
• Issue: 1-2
• Pages: 20-43

Dates

published

1983

Contributors

author

Gruszecka Krystyna

• dr arch., Wydział Architektury Politechniki Warszawskiej

author

Gruszecki Andrzej

• doc. dr, Wydział Architektury Politechniki Warszawskiej

References

• J. R o g u s k a , Przejazdy bramne i klatki schodowe kamienic warszawskich w drugiej połowie XIX i na początku X X wieku, „Kwartalnik Architektury i Urbanistyki”, r. XXIII, z. 1—2, 1978.

Identifiers

ISSN

0029-8247