EN
The aim of the paper is to confront the views as to the role and methodology of scientific research in the area of management accounting conducted abroad. Polish reality differs from the conditions of world science, and one of significant barriers in following its development are false believes on the scope and role of scientific research. The paper discuses five myths on management accounting theory. The myths have been called with some symbolic names, such as: myth of one truth, myth of one theory, myth of accounting as quantitative science, myth of authority and myth of superconsultant.