"Eksperyment boloński"

• Authors: Lenard Barbara

Title variants

EN

"THE BOLOGNA EXPERIMENT”

• Languages of publication: PL EN

Abstracts

EN

The term of "Bologna experiment” covers a whole set of complex actions undertaken by municipal authorities of Bologna and aimed at a renewal of the historic centre of the town. The experiment, well-known and presented in all Europe as an excellent exhibition entitled "Bologna — centro storico” arose not only interest and admiration but also attacks of sharp criticism. Nevertheless, it passed through the time ordeal and for ten years it has been consistently put into practice. Therefore, it is worthwhile to recall once again methodological assumptions of the plan, the execution of which — on such a great scale and under complicated property conditions — has succeded in reconciling care for a historic substance with the requirements of a modern urban body. Regulation plans worked out for Bologna since 1889 as well as a general regulation plan adopted in 1955 envisaged an urban development of the town beyond its historic centre and also major transformations, demolitions and introduction of new buildings on its site. A turning point took place in 1960, when the Municipal Council adopted variants of the plan opening thus a road for rescuing the historic centre as a uniform body, integrally combined with the entire urban agglomeration. Of great help here was a slogan of a zero growth of the town, put forward by town planners. Thus, a phase of regular, complex research works and studies, legal and administrative measures aimed at the protection and complete use of the Old Town was commenced. In 1966 the so-called Benevolo proposal was adopted. It established normative and executive proposals for the needs of its active conservation. In 1965 the Bologna plan of a council economical construction (PEEP) was approved; it became an element of the success of "the Bologna experiment”. Instead of investing in new buildings sites, the funds granted were allocated for the recovery of the existing, even though degraded, housing substance within the historic centre, to be later used as cheap lats for working people, students and oldage pensioners. In 1969 "the Plan for the Historic Centre” based on complex investigations and studies presented to town inhibitants at the earlier mentioned display of "Bologno — centro storico” was approved. In 1971—1972 a large scale sociological and statistical poll was carried out in order to find out the condition of houses and structure of the population. Basing on its results and typological examination of the buildings as well as on the amendments to the law on housing, "Detailed Plan for the Recovery and Conservation of Housing Substance in the Historic Centre for Cheap Council Construction” (PEEP — centro storico 1972) was prepared. What are thus the main assumptions of ”the Plan for the Historic Centre”? 1) The recognition of the historic centre as a uniform constructive body and not as a sum of historic structures; 2) The singling out of two zones and assuming that all historic buildings in the first zone, a historic tissue of which preserved its compactness deserve preservation, even if they differ in their needs for conservational interference; 3) The protection of the housing function of the historic centre through the execution of the plan of economic construction in the existing buildings; 4) Use by students of numerous complexes formerly belonging to monasteries, often combined with district socio-cultural centres, and finally; 5) The Protection of the real participation of the inhibitants in works of administrative authorities on behalf of the plan, from the programming to the distribution of flats within each district and the town. These are ideological and methodological assumptions of the plan. The ability to have it fulfilled according to the assumptions is just the thing which impresses us so much in the Bologna example.

Keywords

PL

„Eksperyment boloński”; rewaloryzacja zabytkowego centrum miasta; Bolonia we Włoszech; historyczne centrum Bolonii; ochrona historycznego centrum miasta

• Publisher: Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
• Journal: Ochrona Zabytków
• Year: 1983
• Issue: 3-4
• Pages: 162-168

Dates

published

1983

Contributors

author

Lenard Barbara

• mgr, Ośrodek Dokumentacji Zabytków w Warszawie

References

• Bologna centro storico, katalog wystawy, Bologna 1970;
• Bologna: politica e metodologia del restauro nei centri storici, opr. P. L. Cervellati i R. Scannavini, Bologna 1973;
• L. K r z y ż a n o w s k i , Wystawa „Bolonia, centrum zabytkowe”, „Ochrona Zabytkow, XXVII, nr 4, 1974, s. 343;
• PEEP Centro storico, wyd. Comune di Bologna, 1974;
• K. P a w ł o w s k i , Sympozjum urbanistyczne w Bolonii, „Ochrona Zabytkow”, XXVIII, nr 2, 1975, s. 158;
• Bologna centro storico: gli antichi „contenitori” oggi. Artykuły rożnych autorow, (w:) „Parametro”, nr 29, wrzesień 1974;
• Bologna. Uestensione del recupera edilizio del centro alla periferia, „Casabella”, XLII, nr 442, grudzień 1978;
• Risanamento conservativo del centro storico di Bologna, Wyd. Comune di Bologna, 1979;
• Sviluppo urbanistico e produzione edilizia a Bologna, Bologna 1975.

Identifiers

ISSN

0029-8247