Uwagi o udziale przedstawicieli nauk przyrodniczych w konserwacji dzieł sztuki

• Authors: Ślesiński Władysław

Title variants

EN

NOTES ON THE PARTICIPATION OF REPRESENTATIVES OF NATURAL SCIENCES IN THE CONSERVATION OF WORKS OF ART

• Languages of publication: PL EN

Abstracts

EN

Once more and more attention had been paid to the materials from which works of art were made and to the mechanisms of their decay, participation of chemistry in conservation became essential. In 1828 this subject was raised by C. F. Pranger and in 1835 by G. Field. Practice in the conservation of works of art showed quite early that participation of chemists in it was necessary. In ca 1785 J. A. C. Chaptal was one of the first to employ chemistry in conservation. Early in the 19th century there appeared a number of articles and books on the studies of works of art, their technology and even conservation written by chemists (j. A. C. Chaptal, M. E. Chevreul, H. Davy, J. F. John et al.). The first archaeological chemical laboratory was opened in Berliner Staatlichen Museen and at the turn of the 19th and 2 0 th centuries other chemical laboratories were brought to life, e.g. at Kunstgewerbeschule in Vienna. Cooperation of representatives of different disciplines in the recognition and the conservation of works of art had many antagonists, particularly art historians. The argument against the use of chemical and physical methods was the opinion that the knowledge of used materials cannot decide of the value of works of art. A crucial role was played by an international conference organized in Rome in 1930 „on scientific methods of examination and conservation of works of art” , at which the importance of natural sciences in the conservation of works of art was pointed out for the first time and the need was shown for a cooperation of all modern research methods. Since then today’s conservation takes advantage of all branches of science and technology which may contribute to better knowledge and preservation of monuments. Methods and techniques of studies as well as equipment are regularly improved and the participation of representatives of natural sciences grows. Along with the development of sophisticated research and conservation techniques, cooperation of all those who participate in these procedures becomes necessary. This finds it expression in, i.a., the creation of international organizations such as CVMA (Corpus Vitrearum Medii Aev), the aim of which is joint cooperation of art historians, conservators and representatives of natural sciences on behalf of the preservation of historic stained-glass windows. There have been brought to life national associations with a similar integrating programme, just like the Association of Monuments Conservators in Poland. The participation of chemists in studies and conservation works is of particular importance, especially in countries where there are no highly-qualified conservators. Except for simple studies which can be carried out in conservation workshops (microscopic, X-ray or chromatographic examinations) more complicated ones have to be done only in specialized units. The conservator should be thus the organizer of these studies, while representatives of natural sciences should be mediators between conservators and research institutes.

Keywords

PL

udział przedstawicieli nauk przyrodniczych w konserwacji dzieł sztuki; chemia w służbie konserwacji; udział chemików w badaniach i pracach konserwatorskich; kształcenie konserwatorów zabytków; współpracy specjalistów rożnych dyscyplin

• Publisher: Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
• Journal: Ochrona Zabytków
• Year: 1989
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 38-41

Dates

issued

1989

Contributors

author

Ślesiński Władysław

• prof. zw. dr, Akademia Sztuk Pięknych w Krakowie

References

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Identifiers

ISSN

0029-8247