Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

PL EN


2018 | 27/2 | 143-158

Article title

Complementarity of Image and Text in Political Cartoons: Three Case Studies

Authors

Content

Title variants

Languages of publication

Abstracts

The article analyzes the complementarity of image and text in political cartoons taking into account the following parameters: Prior Text(s), Producer, Cartoon, and Viewer/ Reader. In the meaning-making process, the viewer/reader constantly alternates between image and text. The two modes of communication can convey the same message(s), each of the modes can strengthen the meaning of the other; the two might have nothing in common, yet, when combined, will produce a meaningful message. Visual metaphors and metonymies play an important role in the construction of meaning in political cartoons. They are analyzed from the point of view of conceptual metaphor and metonymy theory and its application in multimodal communication. Humour in political cartoons is also briefly discussed.

Contributors

author
  • St. Cyril and St. Methodius University, Veliko Tarnovo

References

  • Attardo, Salvatore. 1997. “The Semantic Foundations of the Cognitive Theories of Humor.” Humor: International Journal of Humor Research 10.4: 395–420.
  • Attardo, Salvatore, and Victor Raskin. 1991. “Script Theory Revis(it)ed: Joke Similarity and Joke Representation Model.” Humor: International Journal of Humor Research 4.3-4: 223–347.
  • Attardo, Salvatore, Christian F. Hempelmann, and Sara Di Maio. 2002. “Script Oppositions and Logical Mechanisms: Modeling Incongruities and Their Resolutions.” Humor: International Journal of Humor Research 15.1: 3–46.
  • Barcelona, Antonio. 2003. “Clarifying and Applying the Notions of Metaphor and Metonymy within Cognitive Linguistics: An Update.” Metaphor and Metonymy in Comparison and Contrast Ed. Rene Dirven, and Ralf Porings. Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter. 207–277.
  • Barthes, Roland. 1977. Image, Music, Text. London: Fontana.
  • Bateman, John A. 2014. Text and Image: A Critical Introduction to the Visual/ Verbal Divide. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Cagle, Daryl, and Brian Fairrington, ed. 2007. The Best Political Cartoons of the Year 2007. Cagle Cartoons, Inc.
  • de Toro, Fernando. 1995. Theatre Semiotics: Text and Staging in Modern Theatre. Toronto: Toronto University Press.
  • El Refaie, Elisabeth. 2003. “Understanding Visual Metaphor: The Example of Newspaper Cartoons.” Visual Communication 2: 75–95.
  • El Refaie, Elisabeth. 2009. “Metaphors in Political Cartoons: Exploring Audience Responses.” Multimodal Metaphor. Ed. Charles Forceville, and Eduardo Urios-Aparisi. Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter. 173–196.
  • Fauconnier, Gilles, and Mark Turner. 2002. The Way We Think: Conceptual Blending and the Mind’s Hidden Complexities. New York: Basic Books.
  • Forceville, Charles. 1996. Pictorial Metaphor in Advertising. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Forceville, Charles. 2002. “The Identifi cation of Target and Source in Pictorial Metaphors.” Journal of Pragmatics 34: 1–14.
  • Forceville, Charles. 2005. “Addressing an Audience: Time, Place and Genre in Peter van Straaten’s Calendar Cartoons.” Humor: International Journal of Humor Research 18.3: 247–278.
  • Forceville, Charles and Eduardo Urios-Aparisi. Ed. 2009. Multimodal Metaphor. Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter.
  • Genova, Dafina. 2018. “Grasping Political Cartoons? Not an Easy Matter.” The European Journal of Humour Research 6.1: 85–99.
  • Hempelmann, Christian F., and Andrea C. Samson. 2008. “Cartoons: Drawn Jokes?.” The Primer of Humor Research. Ed. Victor Raskin. Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter. 609–640.
  • Hempelmann, Christian F., and Salvatore Attardo. 2011. “Resolutions and Their Incongruities: Further Thoughts on Logical Mechanisms”. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research 24.2: 125–149.
  • Iedema, Rick. 2001. “Analysing Film and Television: A Social Semiotic Account of Hospital: an Unhealthy Business.” Handbook of Visual Analysis. Ed. Theo van Leeuwen, and Carey Jewitt. London: SAGE. 183–206.
  • Johnson, Mark. 1987. The Body in the Mind. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Kittay, Eva Feder. 1990. Metaphor: Its Cognitive Force and Linguistic Structure. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Kornhaber, David. 2015. “Every Text is a Performance: A Pre-History of Performance Philosophy.” Performance Philosophy 1: 24–35.
  • Kress, Gunther, and Theo van Leeuwen. 2001. Multimodal Discourse. The Modes and Media of Contemporary Communication. London: Arnold.
  • Kress, Gunther, and Theo van Leeuwen. [1996] 2006. Reading Images: The Grammar of Visual Design. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Lakoff , George, and Mark Johnson. 1980. Metaphors We Live By. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press.
  • Messaris, Paul. 1997. Visual Persuasion: The Role of Images in Advertising. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
  • Oring, Elliot. 2003. Engaging Humor. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press.
  • Paolillo, John C. 1998. “Gary Larson’s Far Side: Nonsense? Nonsense!” Humor: International Journal of Humor Research 11: 261–290.
  • Phillips, Barbara J. 2003. “Understanding Visual Metaphor in Advertising.” Persuasive Imagery: A Consumer Response Perspective. Ed. Linda M. Scott, and Rajeev Barta. Mahwah, NJ and London: Lawrence Erlbaum. 297–310.
  • Samson, Andrea C., and Oswald Huber. 2007. “The Interaction of Cartoonist’s Gender and Formal Features of Cartoons.” Humor: International Journal of Humor Research 20: 1–25.
  • Schilperoord, Joost, and Alfons Maes. 2009. “Visual Metaphoric Conceptualization in Editorial Cartoons.” Multimodal Metaphor. Ed. Charles Forceville, and Eduardo Urios-Aparisi. Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter. 213–240.
  • Shultz, Thomas R. 1976. “A Cognitive-developmental Analysis of Humor.” Humor and Laughter: Theory, Research and Applications. Ed. Anthony J. Chapman, and Hugh Foot. London and New York: John Wiley and Sons. 11–36.
  • Sindoni, Maria G., Janina Wildfeuer, and Kay L. O’Halloran. 2016. “The Expanding Galaxy of Performing Arts: Extending Theories and Questioning Practices.” Social Semiotics 26.4: 325–340.
  • Sperber, Dan, and Deirdre Wilson. 1986. Relevance. Communication and Cognition. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
  • Stein, Daniel, and Jan-Noel Thon, ed. 2013. From Comic Strips to Graphic Novels: Contributions to the Theory and History of Graphic Narrative. Berlin: Walter De Gruyter.
  • Stein, Daniel, and Jan-Noel Thon, ed. 2015. From Comic Strips to Graphic Novels: Contributions to the Theory and History of Graphic Narrative. Berlin: Walter De Gruyter.
  • Suls, Jerry M. 1972. “A Two-stage Model for the Appreciation of Jokes and Cartoons.” The Psychology of Humor. Ed. Jeff rey H. Goldstein, and Paul E. McGhee. New York: Academic Press. 41–45.
  • Tsakona, Villy. 2009. “Language and Image Interaction in Cartoons: Towards a Multimodal Theory of Humor.” Journal of Pragmatics 41: 1171–1188.
  • Whittock, Trevor. 1990. Metaphor and Film. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.desklight-a29764c3-8949-4299-bb86-400f27466e74
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.