Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

PL EN


2023 | 14 | 64-82

Article title

A worker, a peasant, but mainly a friend. Portraying The New (?) Soviet Woman in a Polish female periodical in the 1940s-1950s

Content

Title variants

EN
A worker, a peasant, but mainly a friend. Portraying The New (?) Soviet Woman in a Polish female periodical in the 1940s-1950s

Languages of publication

EN

Abstracts

EN
Departing from the notion of the “making of a socialist type of personality”, the article traces out an unparalleled, comparative analysis of the female image as it has been fashioned during the post-war period by the Soviet magazine “Krestjanka” (“Peasant”, founded in 1922) and by its Polish counterpart “Przyjaciółka” (“Friend”), established in 1948. In particular, it analyses the shift from the highly recognizable roles Soviet ideologists were pleading for by dividing women between “workers” and “peasants” (as synthesized by the very titles of the two most popular female periodicals in the USSR) to a more complex image of “friend”. In the People’s Republic of Poland (PRL) ideological propaganda went along with the attempt to give voice to women themselves. In this perspective letters addressed by the readers to the editorial board became a main feature of the magazine itself, turning it into a discussion platform which played an essential role in overcoming of the trauma of war.

Keywords

EN

Year

Volume

14

Pages

64-82

Physical description

Dates

received
2023-02-06
accepted
2023-03-22

References

  • Attwood L. (1990), The New Soviet Man and Woman: Sex-role Socialization in the USSR, Macmillan in association with the Centre for Russian and East European Studies, University of Birmingham, Basingstoke.
  • Attwood L., Kelly C. (1998), Programmes for Identity: the “New Man” and the “New Woman”, in: Catriona Kelly and David Shepherd (eds), Constructing Russian Culture in the Age of Revolution: 1881-1940, Oxford University Press, Oxford and New York.
  • Bauer R. A. (1952), The New Man in Soviet Psychology, Harvard University Press, Cambridge.
  • Behrends J. C. (2006), Die erfundene Freundschaft: Propaganda für die Sowjetunion in Polen und in der DDR, Böhlau, Köln.
  • Evans Clements B. (1985), The Birth of the New Soviet Woman, in: Bolshevik Culture: Experiment and Order in the Russian Revolution, ed. Abbott Gleason et al., Indiana University Press, Bloomington (IN).
  • Evans Clements B. (1997), Bolshevik Women, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • Fidelis M. (2015), Kobiety, komunizm i industrializacja w powojennej Polsce, W.A.B., Warszawa.
  • Fidelis M., Klich-Kluczewska B., Perkowski P., Stańczak-Wiślicz K. (2020), Kobiety w Polsce, 1945–1989: Nowoczesność – równouprawnienie – komunizm, Universitas, Kraków.
  • Fritzsche P., Hellbeck J. (2009), The New Man in Stalinist Russia and Nazi Germany, in Michael Geyer and Sheila Fitzpatrick (eds), Beyond Totalitarianism. Stalinism and Nazism compared, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • Glatzer Rosenthal B. (2002), New Myth, New World: from Nietzsche to Stalinism, Pennsylvania State University Press, University Park (PA).
  • Gor’kij M. (1917), [untitled article], “Novaja žizn’” 214, December 31th.
  • Hoffmann D. L. (2003), Stalinist Values. The Cultural Norms of Soviet Modernity, 1917-1941, Cornell University Press, Ithaca and London.
  • Jeleński K. A. (1953), Dwie przyjaciółki, “Kultura” (Paryż) 72: 9.
  • Kłoskowska A. (1969), Z historii i socjologii kultury, Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Warszawa.
  • Kovnator R. (1920), Novaja ženščina v revoljucionnoj literature (The new woman in the revolutionary literature), “Kommunistka” 5 (1920): 32-35.
  • Lahusen T. (1998), L’homme nouveau, la femme nouvelle et le héros positif ou De la sémiotique des sexes dans le réalisme socialiste, “Revue des Études Slaves” 60.
  • McAndrew M. (1985), Women’s Magazines in the Soviet Union, in: Soviet Sisterhood, edited by Barbara Holland, Fourth Estate, London.
  • Mrozik A. (2022), Architektki PRL-u. Komunistki, literatura i emancypacja kobiet w powojennej Polsce, Instytut Badań Literackich PAN, Warszawa.
  • Ratyńska W. (1948), Radości i smutki od nowa, “Przyjaciółka” 1, 3.
  • Smirnov G. (1973), Soviet Man. The making of a socialist type of personality, Progress Publishers, Moscow.
  • Sokół Z. (1998), Prasa kobieca w Polsce w latach 1945-1995, Wydawnictwo Wyższej Szkoły Pedagogicznej, Rzeszów.
  • Sokół Z. (2001), “Przyjaciółka” – Tygodnik kobiecy (1948-1998). Część I – lata 1948-1951, “Kieleckie Studia Bibliologiczne”, 6.
  • Sokół Z. (2012), Wizerunki kobiet na łamach tygodnika “Kobieta i Życie” w latach 1946–2002, “Rocznik prasoznawczy” 6: 11-36.
  • Szeląg J. (1948), Kobieta stała się człowiekiem, “Przyjaciółka” 39: 2.
  • Szmaj E. (2008), Porady zdrowotne dla kobiet w czasopiśmie “Moja przyjaciółka” z lat 1934–1939, „Medycyna Nowożytna. Studia nad kulturą medyczną” 15: 73-107.
  • Święcicka O. (2012), Przyjaciółka, powierniczka, edukatorka. Na czym polega fenomen najstarszego pisma dla kobiet w Polsce, http://natemat.pl/28151,przyjaciolka-powierniczka-edukatorka-na-czym-polega-fenomen-najstarszego-pisma-dla-kobiet-w-polsce [last access: 29.04.2023].
  • Tetzner T. (2013), Der kollektive Gott. Zur Ideengeschichte des “Neuen Menschen” in Russland, Wallstein Verlag, Göttingen.
  • Unknown Author (1921), Sud nad novoj ženščinoj, “Pravda”, February 20th: 1.
  • Unknown Author (1952), Czy warto, “Przyjaciółka” 13, 14, 15, 16.
  • Unknown Author (1953), Kak pomoč’ škol’niku chorošo učit’sja, “Rabotnica” 1: 25.
  • Unknown author (1955), Ja stala čelovekom!, “Rabotnica” 4: 7.
  • Vertov D. (1984), Kino-eye: the writings of Dziga Vertov, edited by Annette Michelson and translated by Kevin O’Brien, University of California Press, Berkeley.
  • Wood E. A. (1997), The Baba and the Comrade. Gender and Politics in Revolutionary Russia, Indiana University Press, Bloomington and Indianapolis.
  • Zembrzuska A. (2000), The Socialist Model of Woman in Poland and its Soviet Prototype, “Topics in Feminism, History and Philosophy”, IWM Junior Visiting Fellows Conferences, Vol. 6, edited by Dorothy Rogers, Joshua Wheeler, Marína Zavacká, and Shawna Casebier, IWM Vienna.

Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.desklight-d1cb9186-40d8-489d-bab5-1388aed1c9d4
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.