Konserwacja "Panoramy Racławickiej" i jej problemy

• Authors: Wójtowicz Ryszard

Title variants

EN

THE CONSERVATION OF ”THE PANORAMA OF RACŁAWICE” AND ITS PROBLEMS

• Languages of publication: PL EN

Abstracts

EN

In July 1981 a Wrocław branch office of the Monuments Conservation Workshop brought to life a conservation workshop whose main task was to restore ’’The Panorama of Racławice”, one of the biggest Polish paintings (ca 120 m X 15 m). „The Panorama of Racławice” was painted in Lvov in 1892— 1894 by a team of painters under the direction o f Wojciech Kossak and Jan Styka. The painting depicts a victorious battle o f the Polish army commanded by Tadeusz Kościuszko, fought against a detachment of Russian General Alexander Torasov near Racławice on 4th April 1794. A complex history of the painting brought about its vast destruction. ’’The Panorama” was subjected to frequent conservation and protective operations. In 1927 in Lvov after coming off o f the canvas, the preservation works were carried out by Z. Rozwadowski, M. Harasimowicz, W. Kossak and J. Sty - k a ’s sons. In 1944 two bombs fe ll down on ’’The Panorama”. In 1949 and 1950, W. Szymborski undertook conservation works and after a six-year break (1956— 1958) ihe continued them. In 1957 E. and M. Dzieikoński won the competition for a project o f a display pavilion. In 1970— 1973 conservation works were carried out by a team o f 'Conservators headed by M. Baranowski. The plan was to ply-up the painting on wax and resin mass. The operation was never done. In th e light of modern conservation methods this kind o f procedure could bring about irreversible changes in the painting due to both a technique and agents. In 1980 the Social Committee for ’’The Panorama of Racławice” headed by A. Jaihn was created and it is still operating. The Committee initiated conservation of the .painting. The post o f the Conservator General was assumed by S. Filipiak. After a technological e x a mination and 'discussions held at the meetings o f the Commission for Conservation Surveillance a programme for conservation works was agreed. The conservators gave up th e initial idea (Art Academy in Cracow) of plying-up th e painting on a rigid base and refrained from using BEVA-Z-15 glue developed by G. A. Berger. The shrinking of glue during a ply ing -up process results in an extensive undulation of the original canvas. Following a series of the studies made, the Conservation Workshop demonstrated th a t 'the best adhesive for plying-up would be Acrylkleber 498 Hv by Lascaux (Switzerland). The adhesive w ill be put twice on a glass c lo th (plying-up) and after vaporization, the two canvases w ill be stioked together. A short time of treatment (1 second), temp. 60°C and low pressure guarantee the safety o f th is conservation procedure. In addition to this, the whole o f it w ill be coated with 10 per cent solution of Paraloid B-72 in acetone. During the process of plying-up the equipment emitting warm air at definite temperature and pressure w ill be installed. Set electromagnetic frames w ill be used to stiffen plied-up parts. It is also planned to add a fire- -proteGting ag ent to a plying-up adhesive. The painting will be hung on a special rail system. It allows to move gores onto any place o f the rotunda and to arrange them in a straight line. It w ill also be possible to control a vertical suspension o f the canvases. During conservation the following operations w ill be carried out: cleaning of the reverse from dirt and secondary adhesives (Kleaister, wax), seaming and darning of damaged parts of the canvas (only in the canvas structure but unimpairing a painting layer), impregnation of the reverse with 2X10 per cent solution of Paraloid B-72 in acetone, disinfection w ith 0.3 per cent acetone solution of p -сhloro-m-oresol, chemical removal of protections — Japanese paper and w a x paste, removal o f secondary varnish, repaintings and old putties, impregnation o f the facing with 5 per cent Paraloid B-72 in acetone, straightening of canvas d e fo r mation, sticking o f fine thin 'doth on the reverse w ith 15 per cent solution of Paraloid B-72 in acetone

Keywords

PL

konserwacja „Panoramy Racławickiej”; „Panorama Racławicka”; „Panorama bitwy pod Racławicami”; konserwacja obrazu; dzieje „Panoramy Racławickiej”; dublowanie obrazu

• Publisher: Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
• Journal: Ochrona Zabytków
• Year: 1983
• Issue: 1-2
• Pages: 43-54

Dates

published

1983

Contributors

author

Wójtowicz Ryszard

• mgr, Pracownia Konserwacji "Panoramy Racławickiej" PP PKZ — Oddział we Wrocławiu

References

• S. O e t t e r m a n , Das Panorama. Die Geschichte einse Massenmediums, Frąnkfurt am Mein 1980.
• J. N a tu s i ew i с z, Studium historyczne Panoramy Racławickiej, maszynopis, PKZ Wrocław 1970, s. 8.
• M. B a r a n o w s k i , P ro b lem y dokumentacji k on se rwa torskich dużych o b iek tow malarskich na p rz y k ła d zie „Panoramy Racławickiej”, „Biblioteka Muzealnictwa i Ochrany Zabytkow”, seria B, t. XXXIV, Warszawa 1973. s. 198—199.
• G. A. B e r g e r , Wachs — Impragnierung von Leinwandbildern — ein undwiederunflicher Eingriff, „Maltechnik — Restauro”, 3, nr 1, 1975, s. 41-42.
• G. A. B e r g e r , N ew appreaches for special problems: The conservation of the Atlanta Cyclorama (w:) Preprints of Papers Presente t at the Ninth Annual Meeting of AIC, Philadelphia, Pensylvania 1981, s. 28—86;
• G. A. B e r g e r , Conservation of the Atlanta Cyclorama (w:) Conservation Within Historic Buildings Preprints of Contributions to the 8 th IIC Congres, Wiedeń 1980, s. 155—161;
• J. N i t k i e w i c z T ra tm ent of the Ge tty sburg Cyclorama, „Studies in Conservation”, 10, 1965, s. 91—118.
• A. R o ż a ń s k i , Zastosowanie BEVA-371 do dublowania o brazow (w:) Dublowanie obrazow na podłożu płociennym, PKZ — Ośrodek Informacji, Warszawa 1981, s. 7—9;
• G. A. B e r g e r , Heat-Seal Lining of Tern Painting w ith BEVA-371, „Studies in Conservation”, 20, nr 3, 1975, s. 126—152.
• G. A. B e r g e r , Conservation of a thea te r curta in b y Picasso, „Maltechnik — Restauro”, nr 1, 1977, s. 51—55,
• L. P r a w d z i ń s k a , H. Z y g m u n t , K le je — informator, wyd. III, Biuro Wydawnicze „Chemia”, Warszawa 1971, s. 166.
• А. K e t n a t h, Die Verwendung von Acrylharzen und der Heiss — Siegelmethode zur Konservierung von Leinwandbilder, „Maltechnik — Restauro", nr 2, 1977, s. 101— 102.
• R. M e h r a, Nap — Bond Cold — Liming on a Lew — Presure Table, „Maltechnik — Restauro”, nr 2, 1975, s. 87—94;
• H. A l t h o f e r , Notizen zur Maltechnik und Restaurieurung moderne Кипstobiekte, „Maltechnik — Restauro”, nr 2, 1976, s. 105—106.

Identifiers

ISSN

0029-8247