Edgeless and eccentric cities or new peripheries?

• Authors: Ester Limonad , Heloisa Costa
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

Changes in the organisation of social space, set in motion by the third industrial revolution, affected the spatial distribution of production and population, challenging established conceptions of centralities and urban networks at different scales. Temporal continuities and simultaneities are replacing spatial ones, as urban agglomerations expand in scattered ways. Material and immaterial economic flows are followed by economic and political spatial rearrangements. Eccentric centralities outside urban agglomerations emerge as a result of these spatial movements. The concept of centre-periphery used to be essential to distinguish differences, inequalities and asymmetries in social space, but contemporary urban and metropolitan sprawl defies previous centre-periphery correlations. Our goal is to discuss the changing notion of centralities within contemporary urbanisation. Hence following a theoretical approach on centralities, poles and positioning, the spatial context of the Belo Horizonte Metropolitan Region is explored as it is experiencing an increasing spatial dispersion of economic activities, population and political power against an historical backdrop of strong centre-periphery relationships. Finally as a closure after analysing the spatial outcome of the Belo Horizonte Metropolitan Region and its perspectives, some questions are enrolled to help to understand the challenges posed to metropolitan planning, in the context of economic articulation with the more general global process and socio- environmental and political requirements usually prevailing at the local/metropolitan leve

Keywords

EN

Brazil; Belo Horizonte; centralities; urbanisation; spatial arrangements.

• Publisher: Sciendo
• Journal: Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series
• Year: 2014
• Volume: 24
• Issue: 24
• Pages: 117-134

Dates

published

2014-06-01

received

2013-09-19

revised

2013-11-04

accepted

2014-01-03

online

2014-11-15

Contributors

author

Ester Limonad

• Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Geociências, Endereço R. Gal. Milton Tavares, s/n – Boa Viagem, 24.210-346 – Niterói – RJ, Brazil; fax: [phone], phone: [phone]

author

Heloisa Costa

• Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627 – Pampulha, 31270-901 – Belo Horizonte – MG, Brazil; fax: [phone], phone: [phone]

References

• Bordeau-Lepage, L. and Huriot, J., 2005: On poles and centres: cities in the French style. In: Urban Public Economics Review, No. 3, pp. 12-35.
• Castells, M., 1973: Imperialismo y urbanización en América Latina (Imperialism and urbanisation in Latin America - in Spanish), Barcelona: Gustavo Gili.
• Chalas, Y., 2010: Centre, centralité et polycentrisme dans l’urbanisation contemporaine (Centre, centrality and polycentrism within contemporary urbanisation - in French). In: Urbia. Les Cahiers du développement urbain durable, No. 11, Université de Lausanne, pp. 23-41; available from: http://www.unil.ch/webdav/site/ouvdd/shared/URBIA/Urbia_11/Yves_chalas. pdf; DoA: 2 May 2013.
• Christaller, W., 1966: Central places in Southern Germany, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall.
• Claval, P., 2000: Réflexions sur la centralité (Reflections on centrality- in French). In: Cahiers de Geographie du Quebec, Vol. 44, No. 123, pp. 285-301, available from: http://www.erudit.org/revue/cgq/2000/v44/n123/022922ar.pdf; DoA: 2 May 2013.
• Costa, H., 1994: Habitaçao e produçao do espaço em Belo Horizonte (Housing and production of space in Belo Horizonte - in Portuguese). In: Monte-Mór, R. editor, Belo Horizonte: espaços e tempos em construção, Belo Horizonte: Cedeplar/PBH.
• Costa, H. , Costa, G., Mendonça, J. and Monte-Mór, R.L. editors, 2006: Novas periferias metropolitanas. A expansao metropolitana em Belo Horizonte: dinâmica e especificidades no Eixo Sul (New metropolitan peripheries. The metropolitan expansion in Belo Horizonte: dynamics and specificities in the South Axis. - in Portuguese), Belo Horizonte: Editora C/ Arte.
• Costa, H., 2012: Metropolitan planning and urban politics in a context of disperse urbanization: notes from Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Paper presented at the 15th International Planning History Society Conference “Cities, nations and regions in planning history”, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
• Costa, H. and Mendonça, J., 2011: Development strategies and urban planning: are they connected? Comments from the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Paper presented at the EADI/DSA Conference “Rethinking development in an age of scarcity and uncertainty. New values, voices and alliances for increased resilience”, University of York, UK.
• Costa, H. and Monte-Mór, R.L., 2002: Urbanization and environment, In: Hogan, D. editor, Population and environment in Brazil, Campinas: CNPD-ABEP-NEPO, pp. 127-146; available from: http://www.abep.nepo. unicamp.br/docs/outraspub/Rio10/rio10p125a146. pdf; DoA: 21 October 2013.
• ECLAC (United Nations Economic Commission on Latin America and the Caribbean), 2000: From rapid urbanization to the consolidation of human settlements in Latin America and the Caribbean: a territorial perspective, Santiago de Chile: ECLAC; available from: http://www.eclac.org/publicaciones/xml/1/5071/G-2116-i.pdf; DoA: 21 October 2013.
• Gramsci, A., 1996: Note sul Machiavelli, sulla politica e sullo Stato moderno (Notes on Machiavelli, politics and the modern State - in Italian), Roma: Editori Riuniti; available from: http://www.liberliber.it/ mediateca/libri/g/gramsci/note_sul_machiavelli/pdf/ note_s_p.pdf; DoA: 13 May 2013.
• Harvey, D., 1990: The condition of postmodernity. An enquiry into the origins of cultural change, Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
• Harvey, D., 2001: Spaces of capital. Towards a critical Geography, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
• IBGE, 2010: 2010 Population census, Rio de Janeiro: IBGE; available from: http://www.ibge.gov.br/english/estatistica/populacao/censo2010/default.shtm; DoA: 21 October 2013.
• Indovina, F., 1990: La cittá difusa (The diffuse city - in Italian), Venecia: DAEST.
• Indovina, F., 2005: La nuova dimensione urbana: L’arcipelago metropolitano (The new urban dimension: the metropolitan archipelago - in Italian). In: Marceloni, M. Questioni della città contemporânea, Milano: FrancoAngeli.
• Lacoste, Y., 1982: La géographie, ça sert, d’abord, a faire la guerre (Geography is primarily for waging war - in French), Paris: Éditions Maspero, Petite Collection Maspero, No. 165.
• Lacoste, Y., 2003: De la géopolitique aux paysages (Geopolitical landscapes - in French), Paris: Ed. Armand Colin.
• Lefebvre, H., 1969: O direito a cidade (The right to the city - in Portuguese), Sao Paulo: Documentos.
• Lefebvre, H., 1991: The production of space, Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
• Limonad, E., 2002: Multipolar urbanisation patterns in south Rio de Janeiro: from competition or cooperation to coopetition. In: Markowski, T. and Marszał, T. editors, Polycentric metropolitan regions - new concepts and experiences, Warsaw: Polish Academy of Sciences - Committee for space economy and regional planning, Vol. 11, pp. 143-158.
• Limonad, E., 2007a: No todo acaba en Los Angeles .un nuevo paradigma: entre la urbanización concentrada y dispersa? (Los Angeles: the final horizon? A new paradigm between the concentrated and disperse urbanisation - in Spanish). In: Biblio3W, Vol. 12, No. 734, available from: http://www.ub.es/geocrit/b3w-734.htm, DoA: 2 May 2013.
• Limonad, E., 2007b: Nunca fomos tao metropolitanos! (More metropolitan than ever - in Portuguese) In: Reis, N.G. and Tanaka, M.S. editors, Brasil - Estudos sobre dispersão urbana, Sao Paulo: Via das Artes - FAPESP, V. 1, p. 183-212.
• Limonad, E., 2008: América Latina mais além da urbanizaçao dependente? (Latin America far beyond the dependent urbanisation? - in Portuguese). In: Oliveira, M.P., Coelho, M.C.N. and Correa, A.M. editors, Espacialidades contemporâneas: o Brasil, a América Latina e o mundo, Sao Paulo: Lamparina, pp. 75-93.
• Limonad, E., 2010: Regioes reticulares: breves consideraçoes para compreender as novas formas urbanas (Reticular regions: brief considerations on new urban forms - in Portuguese). In: Cidades, Vol. 7, No. 11, pp. 163-179.
• Limonad, E. and Monte-Mór, R., 2012: Por el derecho a la ciudad, entre lo rural y lo urbano (The right to the city, between the rural and the urban - in Spanish). In: Scripta Nova, Vol. 16, No. 418-25; available from: http://www.ub.edu/geocrit/sn/sn-418/sn-418-25.htm, DoA: 2 May 2013.
• Monnet, J., 2000: Les dimensions symboliques de la centralité (The symbolic dimensions of centrality - in French). In: Cahiers de Géographie du Québec, Vol. 44, No. 123, pp. 399-418; available from: http://www.erudit.org/revue/cgq/2000/v44/n123/022927ar.pdf, DoA: 2 May 2013.
• Monnet, J., 2002: Centre et périphérie au Mexique : dialectiques et dynamiques géographiques a plusieurs échelles (Centre and periphery in Mexico: geographic dialectics and dynamics in several scales - in French), available from: http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/05/18/43/PDF/ut1-monnet.pdf, DoA: 20 May 2013.
• Monte-Mór, R., 2003: Outras fronteiras: novas espacialidades na urbanizaçao brasileira (Other boundaries: new spatialities in Brazilian urbanisation - in Portuguese). In: Castriota, L. editor, Urbanização brasileira: redescobertas, Belo Horizonte: Editora C/Arte.
• Monte-Mór, R.L., 2013: Notas para um debate sobre o conceito contemporâneo de centralidade (Notes on the contemporary concept of centrality - in Portuguese). Paper presented in the panel: Urbano, cidade e espaço (e suas interconexoes) no pensamento de Henri Lefebvre: reflexoes sobre a aproximaçao entre teoria e prática urbana, Recife: XV Encontro Nacional da ANPUR, Brazil.
• OECD - Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006: Competitive Cities in the Global Economy, Paris: OECD.
• Offe, C., 1985: Disorganized capitalism, Cambridge: MIT Press.
• Oliveira Jr., G., 2008: Redefiniçao da centralidade urbana em cidades médias (Urban centrality redefinition in medium-sized cities - in Portuguese). In: Sociedade e Natureza, Vol. 20, No. 1; available from: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1982-45132008000100014&lng=pt&nrm=iso, DoA: 16 May 2013. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1982-45132008000100014.
• Perlman, J.E., 1976: The myth of marginality, urban poverty and politics in Rio de Janeiro, Los Angeles: University of California.
• Pesavento, S., 2007: História, memória e centralidade urbana (History, memory and urban centrality - in Por tuguese), available from: http://nuevomundo.revues.org/3212, DoA: 15 May 2013.
• Portes, A., 1989: Latin American urbanization during the years of the crisis. In: Latin American Research Review, Vol. 24, No. 3, pp. 7-44; available from: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2503697, DoA: 20 November 2013.
• Santos, M., 1994: Técnica, espaço, tempo (Technic, space, time - in Portuguese), Sao Paulo: Hucitec.
• Santos, M., 1996: A natureza do espaço (The nature of space - in Portuguese), Sao Paulo: Loyola.
• Sheppard, E., 2002: The spaces and times of globalization: place, scales, works and positionality. In: Economic Geography, Vol. 78, No. 3, pp. 307-330.
• Soja, E., 1989: Post-modern geographies, London/New York: Verso.
• Spósito, M.E., 1991: O centro e as formas de expressao da centralidade urbana (The centre and the expression forms of urban centrality - in Portuguese). In: Revista de Geografia, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp.1-18, UNESP.
• Spósito, M.E., 1998: A gestao do território e as diferentes escalas da centralidade urbana (Territorial management and the several scales of urban centrality - in Portuguese). In: Território, Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 27-37.
• UFMG/Pucminas/UEMG, 2011: PDDI - Plano Diretor de Desenvolvimento Integrado da Regiao Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, Sumário Executivo, Belo Horizonte.

Identifiers

DOI

10.2478/bog-2014-0018