Specificity Of Long-Term Unemployment Risk Among Creative Economy Workers / Specyfika Ryzyka Długookresowego Bezrobocia Wśród Pracowników Ekonomii Kreatywnej

• Authors: Monika Wojdyło-Preisner , Kamil Zawadzki
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

This paper investigates the determinants of long-term unemployment in Poland for workers in the creative economy. Over 2,100 unemployed artists, journalists, architects, designers, craftspeople and creative industry technicians registered in public employment agencies are examined to discover the relationship between the probability of long-term unemployment and basic socio-demographic variables, human capital characteristics, as well as type of the local labour market. The outcomes based on the sample of creative workers are compared to a study of almost 44,000 registered unemployed representing all professions. Results indicate that such characteristics as: male gender, age under 30, married, first unemployed registration within the last three years, extensive work experience, high qualifications and multi-skilling each considerably decrease the likelihood of being unemployed for more than 365 days, both among creative workers and among all unemployed. The strength of this influence, however, differs within these two groups, with some co-variates significantly affecting the likelihood of long-term unemployment in the general sample. For example health, having children, or a willingness to take any job all appear to be non-significant for creative workers.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań nad determinantami długookresowego bezrobocia pracowników ekonomii kreatywnej w Polsce. Analizie poddano ponad 2100 bezrobotnych artystów, dziennikarzy, architektów, projektantów, rzemieślników oraz techników przemysłów kreatywnych, zarejestrowanych w powiatowych urzędach pracy. Modelowano relacje między ilorazem szans długookresowego bezrobocia a podstawowymi zmiennymi społeczno-demograficznymi, charakterystykami kapitału ludzkiego, a także typem lokalnego rynku pracy. Rezultaty badań wśród pracowników kreatywnych zestawiono z wynikami na grupie niemal 44.000 zarejestrowanych bezrobotnych reprezentujących wszystkie zawody. Wykazano, że takie cechy jak: płeć męska, wiek poniżej 30 lat, pozostawanie w związku małżeńskim, odległy czas pierwszej rejestracji, wieloletnie doświadczenie zawodowe, wysokie kwalifikacje oraz wielozawodowość obniżają istotnie ryzyko długotrwałego bezrobocia, zarówno w próbie kreatywnej, jak i generalnej. Siła tego wpływu różni się jednak w obu badanych populacjach. Natomiast niektóre ze zmiennych - przykładowo stan zdrowia, posiadanie dzieci lub gotowość podjęcia jakiejkolwiek pracy - determinują ryzyko długiego pozostawania bez pracy wyłącznie wśród ogółu zarejestrowanych bezrobotnych.

Keywords

EN

Creative economy workers; Long-term unemployment determinants; Labour market policy

PL

pracownicy ekonomii kreatywnej; determinanty bezrobocia długookresowego; polityka rynku prac

• Publisher: Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
• Journal: Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe
• Year: 2015
• Volume: 18
• Issue: 3
• Pages: 37-58

Dates

published

2015-08-01

online

2015-09-25

Contributors

author

Monika Wojdyło-Preisner

• Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Faculty of Economic Sciences and Management, Department of Human Resources Management

author

Kamil Zawadzki

• Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Faculty of Economic Sciences and Management, Department of Human Resources Management

References

• Alper N. O., et. al. (1996), Artists in the Work Force: Employment and Earnings, 1970 to 1990, ENA Research Division Report #37.
• Alavinia S. M., Burdorf,A. (2008), Unemployment and retirement and ill-health: across-sectional analysis across European countries, ʻInternational Archives of Occupational and Environmental Healthʼ, 82 DOI 10.1007/s00420-008-0304-6.
• Australian Council of Social Services (2005), Measuring Long Term Unemployment in Australia. Strawberry Hills, NSW, Australian Council of Social Services.
• Benhamou F. (2000), The Opposition between Two Models of Labour Market Adjustment: The Case of Audiovisual and Performing Arts Activities in France and Great Britain over a Ten Year Period, ʻJournal of Cultural Economicsʼ, 24.
• Bridgstock, R. (2011), Skills for creative industries graduate success, Education + Training, Vol. 53, No. 1.
• Clarence E., Heikkilä S. (2013), Successful Methods for Getting the Long-term Unemployed into Work: A Short Overview, OECD LEED Trento Centre for Local Development.
• Comunian R., Faggian A., Jewell, S. (2011), Winning and losing in the creative industries: an analysis of creative graduates’ career opportunities across creative disciplines, ʻCultural Trendsʼ, 20:3-4, DOI: 10.1080/09548963.2011.589710.
• Di Domenico G., Gasparini C. (2008), National Approaches to the Long-Term Unemployment as a Target Addressed by Public Employment Services: General Framework, Case Studies and Significant European Experiences [in:] Di Domenico, G, Spattini, S. (eds.), New European Approaches to Long-Term Unemployment. What Role for Public Employment Services and What market for Private Stakeholders?, Kluwer Law International, Alphen aan den Rijn.
• Dolny E., Wojdylo-Preisner M. (2014), Zarys koncepcji badań terenowych (Outline of the field research), [in:] Bronk, A., Wisniewski, Z., Wojdylo-Preisner, M. (eds.), Ryzyko długotrwałego bezrobocia w Polsce. Diagnoza i metody zapobiegania (Long-term unemployment risk: diagnosis and methods of prevention), Ministerstwo Pracy I Polityki Społecznej i Centrum Rozwoju Zasobów Ludzkich, Warszawa 2014.
• Dougherty, Ch. (2007), Introduction to econometrics, Oxford University Press.
• Dubina I.N., Carrayannis E.G., Campbell, D.F.J. (2012), Creativity Economy and a Crisis of the Economy? Coevolution of Knowledge, Innovation, and Creativity, and of the Knowledge Economy and Knowledge Society, ʻJournal of Knowledge and Economyʼ, 3 DOI 10.1007/s13132-011-0042-y.
• EAEA (2001), Study relating to the various regimes of employment and social protection of cultural workers in the EU.
• European Commission (2012), EEO Review. Long-term unemployment 2012, DG for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion, September.
• Eurostat (2007), Cultural Statistics, European Communities, Luxemburg.
• Garrouste, C., Kozovska, K., Perez, E. A. (2010), Education and Long-Term Unemployment, European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen.
• Heilbrun J., Gray Ch. M. (2001), The Economics of Art and Culture, Cambridge University Press.
• ILO, OECD, IMF, the World Bank (2012), Boosting Jobs and Living Standards in G20 Countries, OECD Economics Department, ILO (Geneva), OECD (Paris), IMF (Washington, DC), the World Bank (Washington, DC).
• Iyengar S. (2013), Artists by Numbers: Moving From Descriptive Statistics to Impact Analyses, ʻWork and Occupationsʼ, 40: 496, DOI: 10.1177/0730888413505097.
• Lee N., Sissons P., Balaram B., Jones K., Cominetti N. (2012), Short-term crisis - long-term problem? Addressing the youth employment challenge, The Work Foundation.
• Lingo E., Tepper S. (2013), Looking Back, Looking Forward: Arts-Based Careers and Creative Work, ʻWork and Occupationsʼ, 40: 337, DOI: 10.1177/0730888413505229.
• Menger P. (2001), Artists as workers: Theoretical and methodological challenges, ʻPoeticsʼ, 28.
• NEA (2009), Artists in a Year of Recession: Impact on Jobs in 2008, NEA Research Note #97, http://arts.gov/sites/default/files/97.pdf.
• OECD (2012), OECD Employment Outlook 2012, OECD Publishing, Paris.
• Palmer/Rae Associates International Cultural Advisors (2004), European Cities and Capitals of Culture; Primorac J. (2006), The position of cultural workers in the south-eastern European perspective, Amsterdam: European Cultural Foundation.
• Stolarick K., Currid-Halkett E. (2013), Creativity and the crisis: The impact of creative workers on regional unemployment, ʻCitiesʼ, 33.
• Studenmund A.H. (2011), Using econometrics. A practical guide, Pearson.
• Throsby D., Zednik A. (2011), Multiple job-holding and artistic careers: some empirical evidence, ʻCultural Trendsʼ, 20(1).
• United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (2010), Creative Economy Report 2010, United Nations, Geneva. WIPO (2008), National Studies on Assessing the Scientific Contribution of the Copyright-Based Industries, Creative Industries Series No. 3.
• Wolbers M. (2000), The effects of level of education on mobility between employment and unemployment in the Netherlands, ʻEuropean Sociological Reviewʼ, Vol. 16 No. 2.
• ---

Identifiers

DOI

10.1515/cer-2015-0020