Rozwój sieci dróg kołowych w Królestwie Polskim w latach 1815-1918

• Authors: Kowalczyk, Rafał

Title variants

PL

The Development of Road Network in the Kingdom of Poland 1815–1918

PL

Die Entwicklung der Verkehrswege in Kongresspolen 1815–1918

PL

Le développement de réseau routier en Royaume de Pologne 1815–1918

Abstracts

EN

Lack of modern road network had negative influence on economical situation in Republic of Polish nobilityand Księstwo Warszawskie. However. difficulties with national budget caused that only the government of The Kingdom of Poland started development of road network. It was connected with development of appropriate legislation. The Viceregent of The Kingdom of Poland. gen. Józef Zajączek decided to differentiate wheel roads to large, medium and country roads. He also defined rules of so called "powinności szarwarkowe". Significant development of state roads took place until the 40s of the XIX century. After 1847 building of wheel roads was discontinued due to development of railroads. It was connected with change of Russian conception of transport development. As a result in the years 1870-1914 most of state roads were built in the area of XIII (Warsaw) Okreg Komunikacji Lądowych i Wodnych on the right shore of river Vistula in the least industrialized districts (lubelski, lomzynski, siedlecki and suwalski). Aside from state roads in The Kingdom of Poland wheel roads were differentiated to district roads of I, II and III category. According to it building and maintaining of l-st category roads in The Kingdom of Poland were assigned to district authorities with funds from road tax. II-nd category roads were maintained by authorities of powiat and III-rd category by commune authorities and private land owners. As a result most of district roads in The Kingdom of Poland were built in most industrialized districts: piotrkowski and warszawski. Negative influence on development of district roads has decision of Russian authorities in 1895. Modern law concerning road capital wasn't extended to The Kingdom of Poland. As a result from 1895 to 1914 there was a dynamic development of wheel roads in Russia. Most significant development of wheel roads took place in Polish districts of German Empire. It was a result of appropriate subsidies and modern legislation. Road communication in Austro-Hungary was also much more developed than in Russia and The Kingdom of Poland.

• Publisher: Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
• Journal: Przegląd Nauk Historycznych
• Year: 2004
• Volume: 3
• Issue: 1

Dates

published

2004

Contributors

author

Kowalczyk, Rafał

Identifiers

URI

http://hdl.handle.net/11089/19744