Architektura szkieletowa Starego Miasta Grudziądza

• Authors: Fijałkowska Izabela

Title variants

EN

Framing construction of Grudziądz Old Town

DE

Fachwerkarchitektur der Altstadt von Grudziądz

• Languages of publication: PL

Abstracts

EN

The article discusses the framing construction in the Old Town of Grudziądz, ranging from the Middle Ages to the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. Over the centuries it has suffered damage or been rebuilt. Framing was used to erect residential houses, outbuildings, military, industrial and cultural buildings. It was also pointed out that no architectural or dendrochronological research had been carried out on the residential and economic buildings of both the Old Town and the 19th-century districts of Grudziądz. As in other Prussian urban centres, Grudziądz’s oldest buildings were wooden or erected using framing techniques, with various types of infill. The buildings were mostly gabled, facing the longitudinal streets. The streets by the town walls (Murowa or “Brick” and Spichrzowa or “Granary” Streets) were of an economic nature. Transverse streets were of subordinate importance. It is most likely that ridge-aligned buildings also existed in Grudziądz. Mixed construction structures were also used in the residential and commercial development. In the 16th century, masonry houses began to be erected, first around the market square and then in the side streets. However, the side walls of parts of these houses had a frame structure. The masonry buildings continued to be gabled and mostly single-storey. Framing was the dominant trend in the construction of outbuildings. These buildings were mostly destroyed in a fire in 1659, during the Swedish Deluge. The town was gradually rebuilt in the second half of the 17th and 18th centuries. The description of Grudziądz in the first half of the 18th century in the Inventory of the Grudziądz Starosty of 1739 indicates that in addition to masonry buildings, the urban landscape also included buildings of timber-frame construction (half-timbered). The two preserved masonry houses with outhouses at 5 and 7 Pańska Street date from the end of the 18th century. The use of this type of construction did not cease in the 19th century. It mostly appeared in outbuildings and farmhouses. According to the inventory records of the buildings of the Old Town drawn up around 1979/1980, the existence of half-timbered walls was found in the buildings in Murowa Street, Kościelna Street, Długa Street, the Main Market Square, Stara Street. The preserved iconographic material also demonstrates that in the area of the Old Town the framing was applied to buildings serving as granaries and warehouses. Frame construction was also used in the buildings of the Teutonic Castle in Grudziądz. Such objects were already built in the first phase of the development and appeared in subsequent periods.

• Publisher: Muzeum w Grudziądzu
• Journal: Rocznik Grudziądzki
• Year: 2022
• Volume: 30
• Pages: 39-60

Dates

published

2022

Contributors

author

Fijałkowska Izabela