Health status, nutrition, and fragile states

• Authors: Steven A. Peterson

Abstracts

EN

Fragile states have several key characteristics: (1) uncertain control of territory and/or not having full control of legitimate use of force; (2) decline in legitimacy of collective and authoritative government decisions; (3) difficulties with providing public goods and services; (4) problems with interacting with other states as a member of the larger international community. Data on The Fund for Peace’s Fragile State Index from 2016 are used to measure the dependent variable. The independent variables of interest are health and nutrition, to determine if these factors-as influences on citizens’ behavior-would have anything to do with fragility. This paper, then, explores the role of two biosocial variables in affecting degree of fragility. Results are discussed as well as implications.

Keywords

EN

health status; goverment; nutrition; fragile states

• Publisher: Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
• Journal: Reality of Politics
• Year: 2021
• Issue: 15
• Pages: 57-71

Dates

published

2021

Contributors

author

Steven A. Peterson

• Penn State Harrisburg

References

• Baker, Pauline H. (2017). Reframing Fragility and Resilience, Washington, DC, Creative Associates International.
• Baliamoune-Lutz, Mina. (2009). Institutions, trade, and social cohesion in fragile states. Journal of Policy Modeling, 31, 877-890.
• Banks, Arthur S. (1972). Correlates of democratic performance. Comparative Politics 4:
• Barro, Robert J. (1996). Democracy and growth. Journal of Economic Growth, 1, 1- 27.
• Barro, Robert J. (1996). Democracy and growth. Journal of Economic Growth, 1, 1-27.
• Bhaskaran, S. (1982). Linkage between malnutrition and political apathy. Presented at International Political Science Association, Rio de Janeiro.
• Booth, Alan and Susan Welch. (1976). Stress, health, and political participation. Presented at International Political Science Association, Edinburgh, Scotland.
• Brody, R.A. and P.M. Sniderman (1977). From life space to polling place. British Journal of Political Science, 7, 337-360.
• Brown, Graham K. and Arnim Langer. (2012). Elgar Handbook of Civil War and Fragile States, Cheltenham, UK, Edward Elgar.
• Burkhart, Ross E. and Michael S. Lewis-Beck. (1994). Comparative democracy: The economic development thesis. American Political Science Review, 88, 903-910.
• Carment, David, Yiagedeesen Sami, and Stewart Prest. (2008). State fragility and implications for aid allocation. Conflict Management and Peace Science, 25, 349-373.
• Central Intelligence Agency (2013). The CIA World Factbook 2014, New York, Skyhorse Publishing Inc.
• Cutright, Philips. (1963). National political development: Measurement and analysis. American Sociological Review, 28, 253-264.
• Davies, James C. (1963). Human Nature in Politics, New York, John Wiley.
• Denny, Kenny and Orla Doyle. (2007). Take up thy bed and vote: Measuring the relationship between voter behaviour and health. European Journal of Public Health, 17, 400401.
• Deutsch, Karl W. (1961). Social mobilization and political development. American Political Science Review, 55, 493-514.
• Dutton, William H. (2009). The fifth estate emerging through the network of networks. Prometheus, 27, 1-15.
• Fearon, James D. (2010). Do governance indicators predict anything? The case of “fragile states” and civil war. Draftof paper prepared for delivery at the 2011 Annual Bank Conference on Development Economics.
• Fund for Peace. 2017a. What does “state fragility” mean? fsi.fundforpeace.org/faq-06state- fragility.
• Fund for Peace. 2017b. 2017 Fragile States Index, Washington, D.C., Fund for Peace.
• Gisselquist, Rachel M. (2014). Aid and institution-building in fragile states. Annals DOI1:10.1177/00027116214546991.
• Grotenhuis, Rene (2016). Nation-Building as Necessary Effort in Fragile States, Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Press.
• Haar, Rohini J. (2012). Health and fragile and post-conflict states. Medicine, Conflict, and Survival, 28, 289-316.
• Kaplan, Seth. (2009). Identity in fragile states: Social cohesion and state building. Development, 52, 466-472.
• Lipset, Seymour Martin. (1963). Political Man, Garden City, NY, Anchor Books.
• McCrone, Donald J. and Charles F. Cnudde. (1967). Toward a communication theory of democratic development. American Political Science Review, 61, 72-79.
• Manor, James (Ed.). (2007). Aid That Works: Successful Development in Fragile States, Portland, World bank.
• Marshall, Monty G. (2008). Fragility, Instability, and the Failure of States: Assessing Sources of Systemic Risk, Council on Foreign Relations.
• Mattilla, Mikko, Peter Soderlund, Hanna Wass, and Lauri Rapeli. (2013). Healthy voting: The effect of self-reported health on turnout in 30 countries. Electoral Studies, 32, 886- 891.
• Muller, Edward N. (1988). Democracy, economic development, and economic inequality. American Sociological Review, 53, 50-68.
• Muller Edward N. and Mitchell A. Seligson. (1994). Civic culture and democracy. American Political Science Review, 88, 635-662.
• OECD. (2016). States of Fragility 2016: Understanding Violence, Paris, OECD Publishing.
• Osaghae, Eghosa E. (2007). Fragile states. Development in Practice, 17, 691-699.
• Pacheco, Julianna and Jason Fletcher. (2015). Incorporating health into studies of political behavior: Evidence for turnout and partisanship. Political Research Quarterly, 68 (1), 104-116.
• Peterson, Steven A. (1987). Biosocial predictors of older Americans’ political behavior. Politics And the Life Sciences, 5, 246-251.
• Peterson, Steven A. (1989). You are what you eat: nutritional status and political behavior among the elderly. Journal of Nutrition for the Elderly, 9, 51-66.
• Peterson, Steven A. (1991). Health of the polity. Politics and the Life Sciences, 10, 65-68.
• Peterson, Steven A. (2017). Health status and electoral integrity. Presented at Association for Politics and the Life Sciences meeting, Chicago.
• Peterson, Steven A. with Evan Franzese-Peterson (in press). Health Status, Nutrition, and Democratization: A Comparative Study, Reality of Politics.
• Peterson, Steven A. and Albert Somit (1992). Older women: Health and political behavior. Women & Politics, 12, 87-108.
• Peterson, Steven A. and Albert Somit (eds.) (2017). Handbook of Biology and Politics, Cheltanham, UK, Edward Elgar Publishing.
• Porter, Michael E. and Scott Stern with Michael Green (2014). Social Progress Index 2014. Retrieved from: http://www.socialprogressimperative.org/system/resources/W1siZiIsIjIwMTUvMDEvMDkvMjAvNTUvMTEvNzg4L1NvY2lhbF9Qcm9ncmVzc19JbmRleF8yMDE0X1JlcG9ydF9lXzJfLnBkZiJdXQ/Social%20Progress%20Index%202014%20Report%20e%20%20%282%29.pdf
• Puddington, Arch (2014). Freedom in the World 2014. Retrieved from: https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/Freedom%20in%20the%20World%202014%20Booklet.pdf
• Puddington, Arch and Tyler Roylance (2017), Freedom in the World 2017.
• Rahn, Wendy and Sarah Gollust. (2013). The bodies politic: Chronic health conditions and participatory inequalities. Presented at American Political Science Association, Chicago, IL, August 29-September 1.
• Schattschneider, E.E. (1960). The Semisovereign People, New York, Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.
• Schlozman, Kay Lehman and Sidney Verba. (1979). Injury to Insult, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press.
• Schlozman, Kay Lehman, Sidney Verba, and Henry E. Brady. (2012). The Unheavenly Chorus: Unequal Political Voice and the Broken Promise of American Democracy, Princeton, Princeton University Press.
• Schwartz, David C. (1978). Health status, self-image and political behavior in an American political elite. Presented at Western Political Science Association meeting, Los Angeles.
• Schwartz, David C., J. Garrison, and J. Alouf. (1975). Health, body images, and political socialization. In David C. Schwartz and Sandra Kenyon Schwartz (Eds.), New Directions in Political Socialization, New York, The Free Press.
• Soderland, Peter and Laurie Rapeli. (2014). In sickness and in health: Personal health and political participation in the Nordic countries, Politics and the Life Sciences, 34: 28-43.
• Stauffer, Robert. (1969). The biopolitics of underdevelopment. Comparative Political Studies, 2, 361-387.
• Taylor, Sebastian A.J. “Fragile and conflict affected states. Retrieved from: www.stabilityjournal.org/articles/10.5334/sta.dy
• USAID. (2006). Fragile State Indicators: A Supplement to the Country Analytical Template. Retrieved from: http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/Pnadg262.pdf
• Vanhanen, Tatu. (1984). The Emergence of Democracy, Helsinki, The Finnish Society of Sciences and Letters.
• Vanhanen, Tatu. (2003). Democratization: A Comparative Analysis of 170 Countries, London, Routledge.
• Verba, Sidney and Norman Nie. (1972). Participation in America, New York, Harper and Row.
• Verba, Sidney, Kay Lehman Schlozman, and Henry E. Brady. (1995). Voice and Inequality: Civic Voluntarism in American Politics, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press.
• World Bank. (2010). The World Bank’s Country Policy and Institutional Assessment: An Evaluation, Washington, DC, The World Bank.

Identifiers

DOI

10.15804/rop2021104

Biblioteka Nauki

1933318