Dyplomacja trzęsień ziemi a zmiana pozycji międzynarodowej Syrii

• Authors: Jacek Małecki

Title variants

EN

Earthquake Diplomacy and the Change of the Syria’s International Position

RU

Дипломатия землетрясений и изменение международного положения Сирии

Abstracts

RU

Сирия – страна, которая в XXI веке подверглась целому ряду катастроф, как природных, так и техногенных. Только за первые два десятилетия этого века страна стала ареной самого многогранного и многопланового вооруженного конфликта, который привел к ее внутренней дезорганизации и частичной изоляции на международном уровне. С другой стороны, Сирию преследуют стихийные бедствия, такие как засуха 2006–2010 годов, многочисленные наводнения, эпидемии КОВИД-19 и холеры и, наконец, разрушительное землетрясение в феврале 2023 года. Последнее вызвало волну выражений солидарности и гуманитарной помощи Сирии со стороны многочисленных стран-союзников, а также тех, кто до сих пор считался враждебным по отношению к правлению президента Башара Асада. Параллельно со спасательной операцией шел дипломатический процесс, который привел к реабилитации сирийского лидера в регионе, полной нормализации отношений с арабскими странами (включая восстановление членства Сирии в Лиге арабских государств) и началу диалога с Турцией. В некоторых аналитических центрах и СМИ последние события описываются как результат дипломатии землетрясений или дипломатии катастроф, характеризуемой, в частности, как международная ситуация, в которой стихийное бедствие и стремление противостоять его последствиям создают возможности для деэскалации между конфликтующими сторонами. Таким образом, создала ли природная катастрофа в данном случае новую международную ситуацию и, следовательно, способна ли она в течение нескольких месяцев пересмотреть многолетнюю стратегию ряда государств? В данной статье мы проанализируем политические процессы между Сирией и государствами региона после землетрясения и попытаемся ответить на вопрос, как изменилась международная позиция Сирии и, самое главное, повлияло ли на эти процессы недавнее землетрясение и какое значение оно имело.

EN

Syria is a state which has been affected by multiple series of disasters in the XXI century. Some of them has been natural caused, whereas there were some caused by human activity. Only for the first two decades of the current century, Syria has been the arena of the most complex military conflict, which significantly damaged the whole state and caused its partial international isolation. On the other hand, Syria has struggle with various types of natural disasters, such as drought from 2006 to 2010, numerous floods, the COVID-19 and Cholera outbreak and finally, the recent earthquake, occured in February 2023. The last phenomenon has lead numerous countries to express solidarity with Syria as well as to deliver the humanitarian aid to this country. Some of them are considered to be hostile towards Damascus and president Bashar el-Assad. In parallel to the humanitarian assistance, there was a diplomatic process, which led to full rehabilitation of Syrian president in the region and to full normalization diplomatic relations with other Arabic states as well as to start a dialogue with Turkey. In some analytical and media centers, the recent events have been described as an outcome of the earthquake diplomacy or disaster diplomacy, characterized as the international situation in which the natural disaster and the readiness to counterreaction against its effects, may create the opportunities to deescalate relations between the warrying states. Therefore, would it be accurate to consider the recent disaster in Syria able to create the new process as well as to transform the long-term strategies of a number of countries? This article will deal with analysing political process occured between Syria and the regional powers after the earthquake as well as it will try to answer the question how the international position of Syria has changed and crucially: does the recent earthquake have the impact on these issues?

Keywords

EN

Syria; earthquake diplomacy; disaster diplomacy; foreign policy; Middle East

RU

Сирия; дипломатия землетрясений; дипломатия катастроф; внешняя политика; Ближний Восток

• Publisher: Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
• Journal: Studia Orientalne
• Year: 2023
• Issue: 4(28)
• Pages: 7-30

Dates

published

2023

Contributors

author

Jacek Małecki

• Uniwersytet Łódzki

• https://orcid.org/0009000779463268

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Identifiers

DOI

10.15804/so2023401

Biblioteka Nauki

32443851