Are Professional Burnout and Work Engagement Opposing or Independent Constructs?

• Authors: Bohdan Rożnowski
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

The aim of the article is to broaden the knowledge about the mutual relationship between work engagement and professional burnout. In the psychological literature, a lively discussion between the position that these are opposite poles of one dimension and the position that both dimensions are independent has not yet been clearly concluded. The article focuses on the analysis of the causes of both phenomena. It was assumed that one-dimensionality means that the same elements of the work situation affect each of the states but in an opposite way. The research was conducted using standardized questionnaires (AWLS, LBQ, and UWES) on a group of 128 teachers from different types of schools. Statistical analyses relying on regression analysis indicated different sources of each phenomenon, which supports the position of independence of both constructs.

Keywords

EN

burnout; work engagement; work-life areas

• Publisher: Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
• Journal: Roczniki Psychologiczne
• Year: 2020
• Volume: 23
• Issue: 3
• Pages: 291-307

Dates

published

2021-02-16

Contributors

author

Bohdan Rożnowski

• Instytut Psychologii Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II

References

• Aguinis, H., Gottfredson, R. K., & Joo, H. (2013). Best-practice recommendations for defining, identifying, and handling outliers. Organizational Research Methods, 16(2), 270–301. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428112470848
• Baka, Ł. (2015). Does job burnout mediate negative effects of job demands on mental and physical health in a group of teachers? Testing the energetic process of Job Demands–Resources model. International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 28(2), 335–346. https://doi.org/10.13075/ijomeh.1896.00246
• Bakker, A. B. (2017). Strategic and proactive approaches to work engagement. Organizational Dynamics, 46, 67–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgdyn.2017.04.002
• Byrne, Z. S., Peters, J. M., & Weston, J. W. (2016). The struggle with employee engagement: Measures and construct clarification using five samples. Journal of Applied Psychology, 101, 1201–1227. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000124
• Chirkowska-Smolak, T. (2012). Psychologiczny model zaangażowania w pracę [The psychological model of work engagement]. Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM.
• Cole, M. S., Walter, F., Bedeian, A. G., & O’Boyle, E. H. (2012). Job burnout and employee engagement: A meta-analytic examination of construct proliferation. Journal of Management, 38, 1550–1581. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206311415252
• Colquitt, J. A., & Zipay, K. P. (2015). Justice, fairness, and employee reactions. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 2(1), 75–99. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-032414-111457
• Costa, P. L., Passos, A. M., & Bakker, A. B. (2016). The work engagement grid: Predicting engagement from two core dimensions. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 31(4), 774–789. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-11-2014-0336
• Demerouti, E., & Bakker, A. B. (2008). Towards a model of work engagement. Career Development International, 13(3), 209–223. https://doi.org/10.1108/13620430810870476
• Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., Nachreiner, F., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2001). The job demands–resources model of burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(3), 499–512.
• Główny Urząd Statystyczny (2018). Kobiety i mężczyźni na rynku pracy 2018 [Men and women on 2018 labor market]. Retrieved April 27, 2020, from https://stat.gov.pl/obszary-tematyczne/rynek-pracy/opracowania/kobiety-i-mezczyzni-na-rynku-pracy-2018,1,7.html
• Jaworowska, A. (2014). Kwestionariusz Wypalenia Zawodowego Massimo Santinello: polska normalizacja [Link Burnout Questionnaire by Massimo Santinello: Polish normalization]. Pracownia Testów Psychologicznych Polskiego Towarzystwa Psychologicznego.
• Juchnowicz, M. (2010). Zarządzanie przez zaangażowanie. PWE.
• Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. The Academy of Management Journal, 33(4), 692–724. https://doi.org/10.2307/256287
• Leiter, M. P. (2006). Areas of Worklife Survey Manual (4th ed.). Centre for Organizational Research & Development.
• Leiter, M., & Maslach, C. (2003). Areas of worklife: A structured approach to organizational predictors of job burnout. In P. Perrewe & D. Ganster (Eds.), Research in Occupational Stress and Well Being (Vol. 3, pp. 91–134). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1479-3555(03)03003-8
• Leiter, M. P., & Maslach, C. (2016). Latent burnout profiles: A new approach to understanding the burnout experience. Burnout Research, 3(4), 89–100. https://doi.org/10.5465/256287
• Leiter, M. P., & Maslach, Ch. (2017). Burnout and engagement: Contributions to a new vision, Burnout Research, 5, 55–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burn.2017.04.003
• Leon, M. R., Halbesleben, J. R. B., & Paustian-Underdahl, S. C. (2015). A dialectical perspective on burnout and engagement. Burnout Research, 2(2–3), 87–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burn.2015.06.002
• Mäkikangas, A., Feldt, T., Kinnunen, U., & Tolvanen, A. (2011). Do low burnout and high work engagement always go hand in hand? Investigation of the energy and identification dimensions in longitudinal data. Anxiety, Stress & Coping, 25(1), 93–116. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2011.565411
• Maslach, C., & Leiter, M. (2008). Early predictors of job burnout and engagement, Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(3): 498–512. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.93.3.498
• Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. E. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of Occupational Behavior, 2, 99–113. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030020205
• Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job burnout. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 397–422. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.397
• Morgeson, F. P., & Campion, M. A. (2002). Minimizing tradeoffs when redesigning work: Evidence from a longitudinal quasi-experiment. Personnel Psychology, 55, 589–612.
• Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: a critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879–903. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879
• Santinello, M. (2008). LBQ: link burnout questionnaire: manuale. Giunti O.S. Organizzazioni Speciali.
• Santinello, M. (2014). LBQ. Kwestionariusz wypalenia zawodowego. Podręcznik [LBQ: Link burnout questionnaire: A manual]. Pracownia Testów Psychologicznych Polskiego Towarzystwa Psychologicznego.
• Schaufeli, W., & DeWitte, H. (2017). Outlook work engagement in contrast to burnout: Real and redundant! Burnout Research, 5, 58–60. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.burn.2017.06.002
• Schaufeli, W. B., & Enzman, D. (1998). The burnout companion to study & practice. Taylor & Francis.
• Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. (2003). Work Engagement Utrecht Scale. Preliminary manual. Utrecht University.
• Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. B. (2004). Job demands, job resources and their relationship with burnout and engagement: A multi-sample study. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25, 293–315.
• Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B., & Salanova M. (2006). The measurement of work engagement with a short questionnaire. A cross-national study. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66, 701–716.
• Schaufeli, W. B., & Taris, T. W. (2014). A critical review of the job demands–resources model: Implications for improving work and health. In G. F. Bauer & O. Hämmig (Eds.), Bridging occupational, organizational and public health: A transdisciplinary approach (pp. 43–68). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5640-3_4
• Schaufeli, W. B., Taris, T. W., & Van Rhenen, W. (2008). Workaholism, burnout and work engagement: Three of a kind or three different kinds of employee well-being? Applied Psychology: An International Review, 57(2), 173–203. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2007.00285.x
• Siegrist, J. (2002). Effort-reward imbalance at work and health. In P. L. Perrewé & D. C. Ganster (Eds.), Historical and current perspectives on stress and health (Vol. 2, pp. 261–291). Emerald.
• Sonenetag, S. (2017). A task-level perspective on work engagement: A new approach that helpsto differentiate the concepts of engagement and burnout. Burnout Research, 5, 12–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burn.2017.04.001
• Soper, D. S. (2019). A-priori sample size calculator for multiple regression [Computer software]. Retrieved November 5, 2019, from https://www.danielsoper.com/statcalc
• Szabowska‐Walaszczyk, A., Zawadzka A., & Wojtaś, M. (2011). Zaangażowanie w pracę i jego korelaty: adaptacja skali UWES autorstwa Schaufeliego i Bakkera [Work engagement and its correlates: Adaptation of UWES by Schaufeli and Bakker]. Psychologia Jakości Życia, 10(1), 7–24.
• Taris, T. W., Ybema, J. F., & van Beek, I. (2017). Burnout and engagement: Identical twins or just close relatives? Burnout Research, 5, 3–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burn.2017.05.002
• Terelak, J. F., & Izwantowska, A. (2009). Adaptacja kwestionariusza Obszary Życia zawodowego (AWLS) Christiny Maslach i Michaela Leitera [Adaptation of AWLS by Christina Maslach and Michael Leiter]. Studia Psychologica UKSW, 9(4), 223–232.

Identifiers

DOI

10.18290/rpsych20233-6