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2021 | 60 | 1 | 65-77

Article title

Decomposing the asylum in Samuel Beckett’s Malone Dies: Genetic criticism and the author

Authors

Content

Title variants

Dekompozycja przestrzeni szpitalnej w Malone umiera Samuela Becketta: autor w świetle krytyki genetycznej

Languages of publication

Abstracts

PL
Artykuł omawia sposoby przedstawiania obrazów szpitala psychiatrycznego w powieści Samuela Becketta pt. Malone umiera. Jego celem jest analiza pozatekstowych elementów w twórczości autora oraz ich rola w krytyce genetycznej. Dodatkowo artykuł podejmuje refleksję nad pozycją i miejscem autora w krytyce genetycznej. Wyjściowym założeniem artykułu jest teza stawiana przez Iaina Baileya mówiąca o tym, że krytykę genetyczną należy uprawiać w powiązaniu z innymi teoriami jak na przykład historycyzmem. Beckett prowadził niemalże naukowe przygotowania do pisania własnych tekstów, a także dokładał starań, by poczynione obserwacje zintegrować z materiałem stanowiącym podstawę własnego dzieła. Jego rozległe notatki oraz zapiski stanowią zatem doskonałą podstawę do badań genetycznych. Pomimo obfitości materiału dokumentacyjnego obrazy zakładu psychiatrycznego ukazanego w Malone umiera (którego pierwowzorem był dubliński szpital Saint John of God) noszą bardzo niewielkie echa pierwotnych tekstów i zapisków. Znaczenie tego szpitala w biografii Becketta odgrywa więc istotną rolę dla rozumienia jego ostatecznego przedstawienia w powieści, zarówno pod względem jej zakomponowania jak i późniejszej recepcji. Z niekompletnych zapisów empirycznych doświadczeń daje się jednak odtworzyć obraz pisarza istniejącego za zasłoną własnych tekstów i po części chociaż odzyskującego istnienie wiele lat po tym, kiedy Roland Barthes ogłosił śmierć autora.
EN
This article focuses on Samuel Beckett’s use of the asylum in his novel Malone Dies to explore the role of non-textual elements in genetic criticism (the study of a writer’s creative process through the analysis of their compositional manuscripts), as well as the function of the author in genetic analysis. Taking as its starting point Iain Bailey’s challenge to genetic critics to account for the biographical author which underpins the discipline’s study of written traces in authorial manuscripts, the article contends that genetic criticism must be used in tandem with other approaches such as historicism when studying spaces like Beckett’s asylums. Though Beckett took a scholarly approach when integrating such material into earlier work, making research notes which can be regarded as part of the genetic dossier, the asylum in Malone Dies – based on Dublin’s Saint John of God Hospital – leaves no such trail of textual breadcrumbs. Therefore, we must pay particular attention to the historical function of Saint John of God’s in order to understand how the asylum works in composition and reception. In doing so, an author existing beyond the written traces they leave behind can retake their place in a necessarily incomplete empirical field over five decades after Roland Barthes prematurely declared their death.

Year

Volume

60

Issue

1

Pages

65-77

Physical description

Dates

published
2021

Contributors

author
  • Postdoctoral researcher; Masaryk University, Department of English and American Studies, Faculty of Arts, Brno

References

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  • Bailey, Iain (2010), ‘Samuel Beckett, Intertextuality, and the Bible’, PhD thesis, University of Manchester.
  • Barthes, Roland ([1967] 1977), ‘The Death of the Author’, in Stephen Heath (ed. and trans.), Image Music Text, 142–8, New York: Fontana Press.
  • Beckett, Samuel (1992), Dream of Fair to Middling Women, ed. Eoin O’Brien and Edith Fournier, Monkstown: Black Cat Press. Abbreviated as D.
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  • Beckett, Samuel (2009b), Molloy, ed. Shane Weller, London: Faber and Faber. Abbreviated as Mo.
  • Beckett, Samuel (2009c), Murphy, ed. J. C. C. Mays, London: Faber and Faber. Abbreviated as Mu.
  • Beckett, Samuel (2010a), Malone Dies, ed. Peter Boxall, London: Faber and Faber. Abbreviated as MD.
  • Beckett, Samuel (2010b), More Pricks than Kicks, ed. Cassandra Nelson, London: Faber and Faber. Abbreviated as MPTK.
  • Beckett, Samuel (2012), Malone meurt, Paris: Éditions de Minuit.
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  • Felski, Rita (2020), Hooked: Art and Attachment, Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press.
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  • Fordham, Finn (2010), I Do I Undo I Redo: The Textual Genesis of Modernist Selves in Hopkins, Yeats, Conrad, Forster, Joyce, and Woolf, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Gontarski, S. E. (1985), The Intent of ‘Undoing’ in Samuel Beckett’s Dramatic Texts, Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
  • Gontarski, S. E. (2006), ‘Greying the Canon: Beckett in Performance’, in S. E. Gontarski and Anthony Uhlmann (eds), Beckett after Beckett, 141–57, Gainesville: University Press of Florida.
  • Grene, Nicholas (2014), Home on the Stage: Domestic Spaces in Modern Drama, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Grésillon, Almuth (1994), Éléments de critique génétique: lire les manuscrits modernes, Paris: Presses universitaires de France.
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Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

Biblioteka Nauki
1204774

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.ojs-doi-10_18778_1505-9057_60_04
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