Carbon monoxide and respiratory symptoms in young adult passive smokers: A pilot study comparing waterpipe to cigarette

• Authors: Rouba Zeidan , Samar Rachidi , Sanaa Awada , Amal Hajje , Wafaa Bawab , Joseph Salamé , Rachelle Bejjany , Pascale Salameh

Abstracts

EN

Objectives: Studies have correlated second hand smoke (SHS) with many diseases, especially respiratory effects. The goal of this study was to measure the impact of SHS on the respiratory symptoms and exhaled carbon monoxide. Material and Methods: The study population consisted of 50 young workers in restaurants serving waterpipes, 48 university students who sit frequently in the university cafeteria where cigarette smoking is allowed and 49 university students spending time in places where smoking is not allowed. Subjects completed questionnaires on socio-demographic characteristics, respiratory symptoms and exposure to SHS. Exhaled carbon monoxide levels were measured. ANOVA and Chi-square tests were used when applicable as well as linear and logistic regression analysis. Results: Exposure to cigarette smoke in university (adjusted odds ratio (ORa) = 6.06) and occupational exposure to waterpipe smoke (ORa = 7.08) were predictors of chronic cough. Being married (ORa = 6.40), living near a heavy traffic road (ORa = 9.49) or near a local power generator (ORa = 7.54) appeared responsible for chronic sputum production. Moreover, predictors of chronic allergies were: being male (ORa = 7.81), living near a local power generator (ORa = 5.52) and having a family history of chronic respiratory diseases (ORa = 17.01). Carbon monoxide levels were augmented by the number of weekly hours of occupational exposure to waterpipe smoke (β = 1.46) and the number of daily hours of exposure to cigarette smoke (β = 1.14). Conclusions: In summary, young non-smoker subjects demonstrated more chronic cough and elevated carbon monoxide levels when exposed to SHS while the effect of waterpipe was even more evident.

Keywords

EN

second hand smoke; carbon monoxide level; respiratory health; waterpipe smoke; cigarette smoke

• Publisher: Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
• Journal: International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
• Year: 2014
• Volume: 27
• Issue: 4
• Pages: 571-582

Dates

published

2014

Contributors

author

Rouba Zeidan

• Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon

author

Samar Rachidi

• Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon

author

Sanaa Awada

• Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon

author

Amal Hajje

• Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon

author

Wafaa Bawab

• Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon

author

Joseph Salamé

• Charité Medical University Hospital, Berlin, Germany

author

Rachelle Bejjany

• Doctoral School of Sciences & Technology, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon

author

Pascale Salameh

• Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon

Identifiers

DOI

10.2478/s13382-014-0246-z

Biblioteka Nauki

2178869