Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

PL EN


2021 | 16 | 85-96

Article title

US legal developments in outer space mining

Content

Title variants

PL
Zmiany prawne w USA w górnictwie kosmicznym

Languages of publication

Abstracts

PL
W grudniu 2020 r. NASA (Narodowa Agencja Aeronautyki i Przestrzeni Kosmicznej) ogłosiła umowę z prywatną firmą na dostawę materiału księżycowego na Ziemię, pierwszą i jak dotąd jedyną tego typu umowę. Kwota, jaka zostanie zapłacona za usługi firmy Lunar Outpost została ustalona na 1 dolara. Chociaż układ ten może wydawać się chwytem reklamowym, mającym na celu przyciągnięcie uwagi międzynarodowych mediów, skłania on do dyskusji prawnej na temat faktycznego stopnia swobody użytkowania przestrzeni kosmicznej. Niniejszy artykuł koncentruje się na opisie polityki i ustawodawstwa USA w zakresie wykorzystania zasobów naturalnych przestrzeni kosmicznej oraz porównaniu jej z międzynarodowymi ramami prawnymi działań w przestrzeni kosmicznej.
EN
In December 2020 NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) announced a contract with a private company to deliver Moon material to Earth, the first and only contract of this type to be concluded to date. The sum that will be paid for the services of Lunar Outpost company was set at 1 US dollar. Although the arrangement may seem like a publicity stunt to catch international media attention, it spurs a legal discussion on the actual degree of freedom to utilized outer space. This article is focused on describing the USA’s policy and legislation concerning the utilization of natural resources of outer space, and comparing it to the international legal framework of outer space activities.

Year

Volume

16

Pages

85-96

Physical description

Dates

published
2021

Contributors

References

  • 51 U.S. Code Title 51 – National and Commercial Space Programs.
  • Agreement Governing the Activities of States on the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, UNTS 1363, New York, 1992.
  • Arbitral Award of 31 July 1989, Guinea-Bissau v. Senegal, I.C.J. Reports, Hague, 1991.
  • Blount P.J., One Small Step: the Impact of the U.S. Commercial Space Launch Competitiveness Act of 2015 on the Exploration of Resources in Outer Space, “North Carolina Journal of Law & Technology & Tech”, Chapel Hill, No 18, 2016.
  • Convention on the Regulation of Antarctic Mineral Resource Activities, Wellington, 1988, preamble.
  • Definition of the word “National”, available at: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/national#learn-more
  • Egede E., Africa and the Deep Seabed Regime: Politics and International Law of the Common Heritage of Mankind, “Springer Science & Business Media”, Berlin, 2011.
  • Eros Project - Order of Dismissal, available at: http://www.erosproject.com/order03.html
  • Eros Project - US Department of State reply, available at: http://www.erosproject.com/exhibit01.html
  • Freeland S., Jakhu R., Hobe S., Tronchetti F., Cologne Commentary on Space Law. Volume 2, Wolters Kluwer Deuschland GmbH, Cologne, 2009.
  • The Case of the S.S. “Lotus” (France v. Turkey), Judgment of 7 September 1927, P.C.I.J. Series A, No. 10.
  • Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty, UNTC Volume 2941, A-5778, New York, 2013.
  • Shaw M.N., International Law, 6h edition, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2009.
  • Treaty on outer space: hearings before the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, Ninetieth Congress, first session, on Executive D, 90th Congress, First Session, March 7, 13, and April 12, 1967.
  • Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, 610 U.N.T.S. 205, article VI.
  • UN General Assembly, Convention on the Law of the Sea, 10 December 1982, available at: https://www.refworld.org/docid/3dd8fd1b4.html
  • UNGA Resolution 1962 (XVIII), Declaration of Legal Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space.
  • Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 1155.
  • Wrench J.G., Non-Appropriation, No Problem: The Outer Space Treaty Is Ready for Asteroid Mining, Case Western University Reserve, “Journal of International Law”, Vol. 51, 2007.

Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

Biblioteka Nauki
2082917

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.ojs-doi-10_25312_2391-5145_16_2021_07bg
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.