EN
The main theme of this essay is twofold: 1. the role of unforeseen, unplanned events and encounters that usually take place in the course of ethnographic fieldwork, and 2. the advantages and disadvantages of fieldwork collaboration with an indigenous partner/assistant, combining his/her competences in local matters with that in social sciences. These reflections are based on the author’s experiences from research carried out in the U.S., focusing on the Polish-American diaspora and from studies conducted among indigenous communities of the Andean America. The cases discussed are related to the situation in Ecuador and Bolivia, and above all Chile, where the author carried out his fieldwork in the area of Araucania, the native land of Mapuche.