Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

PL EN


2022 | 26 | 2 | 7-15

Article title

The Russia-Ukraine War, NATO's Eastern Flank, and Ukrainian Refugees in Central Europe

Content

Title variants

Languages of publication

Abstracts

The countries of NATO's eastern flank representing the so-called Bucharest Nine include Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, and Hungary. Over recent decades, NATO has adapted to new challenges and threats to the security environment. This article attempts to examine the ongoing armed conflict between Russia and Ukraine from the perspective of NATO's eastern flank countries as well as to answer the following research questions: are NATO member states adequately responding to the threats arising from the armed conflict between Russia and Ukraine, and will NATO be revitalised as a result of Russia's revisionist policy? The countries of NATO's eastern flank form the so-called Bucharest Nine, and include: Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, and Hungary (Pawłowski, 2020; Jankowski, Stępniewski, 2021). Over the decades, NATO has adapted to new challenges and threats to the security environment (Stępniewski, 2020; Stępniewski, 2011). The Alliance's need to adapt has been very clear since 2014, when Russia, with its neo-imperial policy towards Ukraine, “woke up the dragon” upon which NATO began to adapt to the new security reality in Central and Eastern Europe by increasing spending onarmaments, along with the modernisation of its armed forces, command structures, and relocation of troops, etc. Since 2014, we have been dealing with an armed confl ict between Russia and Ukraine in the Donbas (along with the annexation of Crimea by Russia), which has changed the way in which security in Eastern Europe and, more broadly, throughout Europe is perceived. As of 24 February 2022, i.e., with the start of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, not only did the way of thinking about international order and security change, but, above all, the perception of Russia as an unpredictable participant in international relations changed also. Russia has become a serious threat and a challenge to the international order. This article attempts to look at the ongoing armed conflict between Russia and Ukraine from the perspective of NATO’s eastern flank countries as well as to answer the following research questions: are NATO member states adequately responding to the threats arising from the armed confl ict between Russia and Ukraine, and will NATO be revitalised as a result of Russia’s revisionist policy?

Year

Volume

26

Issue

2

Pages

7-15

Physical description

Dates

published
2022

Contributors

  • The Institute of Central Europe in Lublin

References

  • Bieleń, S. and Skrzypek, A. (eds.) (2010) Rosja. Refleksje o transformacji. Warszawa: ASPRA-JR.
  • Celikpala, M. (2010) “Escalating Rivalries and Diverging Interests: Prospects for Stability and Security in the Black Sea Region”, Southeast European and Black Sea Studies. Vol. 10, No. 3, p. 289.
  • Fiszer, J.M. and Stępniewski, T. (2017) Polska i Ukraina w procesie transformacji, integracji i wyzwań dla bezpieczeństwa Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej. Warszawa: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN.
  • Fiszer, J.M., Stępniewski, T. and Świder, K. (2019) Polska, Ukraina, Białoruś, Rosja. Obraz politycznej dynamiki regionu. Warszawa: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN.
  • Jankowski, D.P. and Stępniewski, T. (eds.) (2021) NATO's Eastern flank: Towards NATO 2022 Madrid Summit. Lublin: Instytut Europy Środkowej, “IEŚ Policy Papers” no. 8.
  • Jungholt, T. (2019) ”Rosja przygotowuje się do wojen regionalnych w Europie”, Gazeta Wyborcza (appendix “Nasza Europa”), 20.07. Available at: http://wyborcza.pl/naszaeuropa/7,168189,24996087,ros ja-przygotowuje-sie-do-wojen-regionalnych-w-europie.html (Access 20.07.2019).
  • Marciniak, W. (2001) Rozgrabione imperium. Upadek Związku Sowieckiego i powstanie Federacji Rosyjskiej. Kraków: ARCANA.
  • Orenstein, M.A. (2019) The Lands in Between. Russia vs. The West and the New Politics of Hybrid War. New York and London: Oxford University Press, pp. 108-129.
  • Pawłowski, K. (2020), Bukareszteńska Dziewiątka: współpraca państw wschodniej flanki NATO / Bucharest Nine: cooperation of the countries of NATO's Eastern flank. Lublin: Instytut Europy Środkowej, “IEŚ Policy Papers” no. 4.
  • Polegkyi, O. and Stępniewski, T. (eds.) (2020) Conflict in Donbas: Endless negotiations and (im)possible solutions. Lublin: Instytutu Europy Środkowej, “IEŚ Policy Papers”. No. 5.
  • Reichardt, A. and Stępniewski T. (eds.) (2020) Crisis in Belarus. How should the West respond?. Lublin: Instytut Europy Środkowej, “IEŚ Policy Papers”. No. 8.
  • Stępniewski, T. (2011) Geopolityka regionu Morza Czarnego w pozimnowojennym świecie. Lublin-Warszawa: Instytut Europy ŚrodkowoWschodniej, pp. 359-368.
  • Stępniewski, T. (2016) „Konflikt zbrojny Rosji z Ukrainą i negocjacje pokojowe w Mińsku”, Studia Europejskie. No. 3(79), pp. 43-59.
  • Stępniewski, T. (2020) Wschodnia flanka Sojuszu Północnoatlantyckiego in Paruch W., Pietraś M. and Surmacz B. (eds.). Sojusz Północnoatlantycki w środowisku niepewności i zmiany. Dwadzieścia lat członkostwa Polski. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Sejmowe, pp. 117-145.
  • Stępniewski, T. (2021) ”Geopolityka regionu Morza Czarnego a Unia Europejska”, Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej. Vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 9-18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36874/RIESW.2021.2.1.
  • Toal, G. (2017) Near Abroad. Putin, the West and the contest over Ukraine and the Caucasus. New York and London: Oxford University Press, pp. 17-93.
  • Wężyk, K. (2015) ”Niedźwiedziowi wolno więcej (rozmowa z Andrejem Krickovicem)”, Gazeta Wyborcza, 18.07. Available at: http://wyborcza. pl/magazyn/1,146875,18384515,niedzwiedziowi-wolno-wiecej.html (Access 18.07.2015).

Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

Biblioteka Nauki
2093824

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.ojs-doi-10_33067_SE_2_2022_1
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.