Identyfikacja bliźniąt monozygotycznych w dobie sekwencjonowania nowej generacji

• Authors: Aleksander Masny , Bożena Wysocka

Title variants

EN

Identification of monozygotic twins in the era of next‑generation sequencing

Abstracts

EN

Monozygotic twins pose a challenge to forensic science due to the lack of standardized tools to differentiate them within a pair, and thus making it difficult or impossible for a court to determine which of the twins is the perpetrator of the crime. The advent of next‑generation sequencing technologies, whole‑genome sequencing, and analyses of the human epigenome, has opened the way to the identification of monozygotic twins for forensic purposes. The percentage of monozygotic twins that can be differentiated and the level of reliability of results remain an issue open for investigation. Identification of monozygotic twins through whole‑genome sequencing raises doubts in the courts. New technologies raised a number of questions regarding the parameters: the power of differentiation, the level of reliability of the result, validation method and legal issues. New twin identification technologies require adapting to the requirements for forensic methods: verification, validation and standardization, as well as a uniform approach to the interpretation of results, so that they can be widely used in forensics and recognized by courts as reliable evidence.

PL

Bliźnięta monozygotyczne stanowią wyzwanie dla kryminalistyki ze względu na brak standaryzowanych narzędzi do ich różnicowania w obrębie pary, utrudniający lub uniemożliwiający sądowi ustalenie, które z bliźniąt jest sprawcą przestępstwa. Pojawienie się technologii sekwencjonowania nowej generacji, sekwencjonowania całogenomowego oraz analiz epigenomu ludzkiego otworzyło drogę do identyfikacji bliźniąt monozygotycznych w celach kryminalistycznych. Kwestią otwartą pozostaje odsetek bliźniąt monozygotycznych, który można różnicować, oraz poziom wiarygodności uzyskanych wyników. Dowody uzyskane za pomocą sekwencjonowania całogenomowego, w sprawach dotyczących identyfikacji bliźniąt monozygotycznych, budzą wątpliwości sądów. Wraz z nowymi technologiami pojawiał się szereg pytań odnośnie do ich parametrów: siły różnicowania, poziomu wiarygodności wyniku, sposobów walidacji metod oraz zagadnień natury prawnej. Nowe technologie identyfikacji bliźniąt wymagają dostosowania do wymagań stawianych metodom kryminalistycznym: weryfikacji, walidacji i standaryzacji tych metod oraz jednolitego podejścia do interpretacji wyników, aby mogły być powszechnie stosowane w kryminalistyce i uznawane przez sądy za wiarygodne dowody.

Keywords

PL

bliźnięta monozygotyczne; sekwencjonowanie; sekwencjonowanie nowej generacji; analiza; epigenomu; identyfikacja genetyczna bliźniąt

EN

monozygotic twins; next‑; generation sequencin; epigenome analysis; genetic identification of twins

• Publisher: Centralne Laboratorium Kryminalistyczne Policji
• Journal: Problemy Kryminalistyki
• Year: 2022
• Issue: 318

Dates

published

2022

Contributors

author

Aleksander Masny

• https://orcid.org/000000026230120X

author

Bożena Wysocka

• https://orcid.org/0009000972971336

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Identifiers

DOI

10.34836/pk.2022.318.1

Biblioteka Nauki

27177759