Covid-19 a migranci we współczesnym świecie: analiza polityk migracyjnych wobec pandemii

• Authors: Jan Brzozowski , Joanna Sikorska

Title variants

EN

Covid-19 and contemporary migrants: an analysis of migration policies during the pandemic

Abstracts

EN

SCIENTIFIC OBJECTIVE: The objective of this paper is a comparative analysis of the migration policies applied by selected countries during the Covid-19 pandemic. RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The research problem is the response of the given national authorities to the covid-19 pandemic, and the implementation of migration policies in Germany, the United States, Saudi Arabia and Colombia during the health crisis. We attempted to assess the efforts carried out by the authorities in the comparative perspective. We analysed policies directed not only at the reception of foreigners or the possible closure of borders, but also at the potential adaptation of immigrants and their access to health services in the host countries. EDUCTION PROCESS: The first part of the paper presents the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the global migration flows. This is followed by an analysis of migration policies implemented during the Covid-19 pandemic in selected countries. RESULTS OF THE RESEARCH ANALYSIS: The analysis showed significant differences between the countries studied: whilst the United States and Saudi Arabia adopted a restrictive strategy, the Federal Republic of Germany was guided by pragmatism, while Colombia embraced a surprisingly liberal course. The results obtained helped to identify the ways in which host countries responded to the crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic and to assess the effectiveness of the strategies implemented. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS: The Colombian model, despite its relatively generous and liberal approach to immigrants, has proven to be the least effective due to the institutional weakness of the country, especially in terms of the quality of the health care system. It should also be noted that the Covid-19 pandemic is still pending, and the new refugee crisis in Europe triggered by the Russian aggression against Ukraine is creating new challenges in this regard.

PL

CEL NAUKOWY: Celem artykułu jest analiza polityk migracyjnych zastosowanych przez wybrane państwa w okresie pandemii COVID-19 w perspektywie porównawczej. PROBLEM I METODY BADAWCZE: Problemem badawczym jest odpowiedź poszczególnych rządów na wybuch pandemii COVID-19 i wdrożenie polityk migracyjnych w Niemczech, Stanach Zjednoczonych, Arabii Saudyjskiej i Kolumbii w trakcie kryzysu zdrowotnego. Podjęto próbę oceny starań władz państwowych w ujęciu porównawczym. Przeanalizowano działania skierowane nie tylko na recepcję cudzoziemców czy ewentualne zamknięcie granic, ale także na potencjalną adaptację imigrantów i ich dostęp do służby zdrowia w krajach przyjmujących. PROCES WYWODU: W pierwszej części rozważań przedstawiono wpływ pandemii COVID-19 na globalne przepływy migracyjne. Następnie dokonano analizy polityk migracyjnych realizowanych w okresie pandemii COVID-19 w wybranych krajach. WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: Analiza wykazała znaczące różnice między badanymi krajami – podczas gdy Stany Zjednoczone i Arabia Saudyjska przyjęły strategię restrykcyjną, Republika Federalna Niemiec kierowała się pragmatyzmem, Kolumbia zaś przyjęła zaskakująco liberalny kurs. Uzyskane wyniki pozwoliły na określenie sposobów reagowania państw przyjmujących imigrantów na kryzys wywołany pandemią COVID-19 oraz ocenę efektywności przyjętych strategii. WNIOSKI, INNOWACJE, REKOMENDACJE: Model kolumbijski, mimo stosunkowo hojnego i liberalnego podejścia do imigrantów, okazał się najmniej efektywny z uwagi na słabość instytucjonalną tego państwa, szczególnie w zakresie jakości systemu opieki zdrowotnej. Należy również pamiętać, że pandemia COVID-19 trwa nadal, a nowy kryzys uchodźczy w Europie wywołany agresją rosyjską na Ukrainę tworzy nowe wyzwania w tym zakresie.

Keywords

PL

COVID-19; polityka imigracyjna; Niemcy; USA; Arabia Saudyjska; Kolumbia

EN

COVID‑19; migration policy; Germany; US; Saudi Arabia; Colombia

• Publisher: Akademia Ignatianum w Krakowie
• Journal: Horyzonty Polityki
• Year: 2022
• Volume: 13
• Issue: 44
• Pages: 203-226

Dates

published

2022

Contributors

author

Jan Brzozowski

• Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie

• https://orcid.org/0000000185173485

author

Joanna Sikorska

• Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie

• https://orcid.org/0000000237401137

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Identifiers

DOI

10.35765/hp.2304

Biblioteka Nauki

2231686