Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Customs System and Customs Procedures in the European Union

• Authors: Małgorzata Czermińska

Title variants

PL

Wpływ pandemii COVID-19 na system celny i procedury celne w Unii Europejskiej

Abstracts

PL

Pandemia COVID-19 wywołała bezprecedensowe i wielowymiarowe reperkusje dla systemów gospodarczych zarówno na poziomie krajowym, jak i globalnym. W prawodawstwie UE dostępne są wyjątkowe narzędzia mające na celu m.in. pomoc ofiarom klęsk żywiołowych (ale nie tylko), które można wykorzystać do stawienia czoła bezprecedensowemu kryzysowi zdrowotnemu spowodowanemu przez koronawirusa. Administracje celne mają tu do odegrania kluczową rolę. Kraje, które zminimalizowały czas i koszty odpraw celnych na granicy, zyskują przewagę nad tymi, które tego nie zrobiły. W wyniku kryzysu wywołanego pandemią COVID-19 pojawiły się pytania dotyczące stosowania przepisów, procedur i formalności celnych. Odprawa celna powinna zostać potraktowana priorytetowo dla towarów „krytycznych” związanych z ochroną zdrowia czy życia ludzi, a niektóre towary importowane powinny być zwolnione z cła i (krajowego) podatku VAT, jeśli udowodni się, że zostały nieodpłatnie przekazane w formie darowizny. Celem artykułu jest charakterystyka działań i inicjatyw związanych z procedurami celnymi podjętych przez UE w ramach walki z pandemią. Środki dotyczące COVID-19, które odnoszą się do procedur celnych i handlu, dają jednocześnie przegląd wyzwań, przed którymi stoją zarówno poszczególne państwa członkowskie UE, jak i cała Unia Europejska, aby zapewnić dostępność towarów przy jednoczesnym ułatwieniu ich przepływu i zapewnieniu bezpieczeństwa obrotu towarowego.

EN

The COVID-19 pandemic has unprecedented and multidimensional repercussions for economic systems both at a national and a global level. The EU legislation provides for unique instruments designed, among other things, to extend aid to the victims of natural disasters (but not only), which may be utilised in order to respond to an unprecedented health crisis caused by the coronavirus. Customs administrations must play an important role here. Countries which reduced the time and costs of customs clearance at their borders are gaining advantage over those which failed to do so. The crisis sparked off by the COVID-19 pandemic led to questions about the application of customs regulations, customs procedures and customs formalities. Customs clearance should be assigned a high priority when it comes to “critical” goods relating to the protection of human health or life, whereas some imports should be exempt from the customs duty and (national) VAT, if it is possible to demonstrate that such commodities have been given free of charge as a donation. This article aims to describe actions and initiatives associated with customs procedures, which were taken by the EU to combat the pandemic. Measures relating to COVID-19, which concern customs procedures and trade, provide, at the same time, a review of challenges that both Member States and the whole European Union must confront to ensure the availability of goods on the one hand, and to facilitate the movement of goods and guarantee the safety of trade in goods on the other.

Keywords

EN

customs system; customs procedures; customs duties; customs clearance

PL

system celny; procedury celne; cła; odprawa celna

• Publisher: Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
• Journal: Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe
• Year: 2021
• Issue: 2
• Pages: 11-33

Dates

published

2021

Contributors

author

Małgorzata Czermińska

• Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University

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Identifiers

DOI

10.48269/2451-0610-ksm-2021-2-001

Biblioteka Nauki

2029657