Polimorfizmy genetyczne a efekty metaboliczne działania olanzapiny

• Authors: Anna Sadakierska-Chudy , Angelika Bartosiewicz

Title variants

EN

Genetic polymorphisms and the metabolic effects of olanzapine

Abstracts

EN

Olanzapine is an atypical antipsychotic (neuroleptic) used primarily to treat schizophrenia. The drug is mainly metabolized by the hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes, CYP1A2 and CYP2D6. The glucuronide enzymes UGT1A and UGT2B10 are also involved in its metabolism. In some patients, olanzapine causes metabolic side effects, such as weight gain, an increase in glucose and lipid levels, and an increase in prolactin levels. Pharmacogenetic studies indicate that polymorphisms in genes encoding drug-metabolizing enzymes, transporters, and other proteins involved in metabolic pathways, may help explain the interindividual differences in response to olanzapine treatment. Thus, genetic profiling could be useful in clinical practice, mainly to identify patients with an increased risk of adverse events. The ability to personalize therapy would facilitate maximizing therapeutic efficacy and minimizing side effects.

PL

Olanzapina to atypowy lek przeciwpsychotyczny (neuroleptyk) stosowany przede wszystkim w leczeniu schizofrenii. Lek metabolizowany jest głównie przez wątrobowe enzymy cytochromu P450, CYP1A2 i CYP2D6. W metabolizm zaangażowane są również enzymy glukuronidowe, UGT1A i UGT2B10. Olanzapina u niektórych pacjentów wywołuje metaboliczne efekty uboczne, takie jak przyrost masy ciała, a także wzrost poziomu: glukozy, lipidów oraz prolaktyny. Badania farmakogenetyczne wskazują, że polimorfizmy w genach kodujących enzymy metabolizujące lek, transportery oraz inne białka zaangażowane w procesy metaboliczne mogą pomóc wyjaśnić zróżnicowaną odpowiedź pacjentów na leczenie olanzapiną. Zatem profilowanie genetyczne mogłoby być przydatne w praktyce klinicznej, głównie w celu wytypowania pacjentów z podwyższonym ryzykiem wystąpienia działań niepożądanych. Możliwość spersonalizowania terapii ułatwiłaby osiągnięcie pożądanego efektu terapeutycznego i zminimalizowała efekty uboczne.

Keywords

PL

cytochrom P450; efekty uboczne; farmakogenetyka; olanzapina; polimorfizmy SNP

EN

cytochrome P450; adverse side effects; pharmacogenetics; olanzapine; SNP polymorphisms

• Publisher: Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
• Journal: Państwo i Społeczeństwo
• Year: 2023
• Volume: XXIII
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 151-160

Dates

published

2023

Contributors

author

Anna Sadakierska-Chudy

• Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego, Wydział Lekarski i Nauk o Zdrowiu, Katedra Genetyki

author

Angelika Bartosiewicz

• Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego, Wydział Lekarski i Nauk o Zdrowiu, Katedra Genetyki

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Identifiers

DOI

10.48269/2451-0858-pis-2023-1-011

Biblioteka Nauki

7454770