Speed, human reality, and the ribovirocell concept of human existence in the COVID19 and post-COVID19 space-time Ribovirocell and resilience to COVID19

• Authors: Chidinma Iheanetu , Viola Tamášová , Roman Tandlich

Abstracts

EN

In this follow up paper, the ribovirocell concept from the first part of the study is linked to the ontological realm of human reality before, during and in the aftermath of COVID19. During this fluid space-time, human reality is multi-faceted and often very complicated. The authors present a division of the reality into fundamental reality and situational reality. Fundamental reality is based on the (physical) laws of nature such as the speed of light as a fundamental physical constant. This reality spans beyond the course of time as perceived by humans, which is beyond the duration of a single or multiple human lifespans and beyond the duration of the COIVD19 pandemic. Next to fundamental reality and overlapping with it, exists the situational reality, which humans experience directly themselves during their lifetime(s). Actions of humanity and of individual human beings contribute to the shaping of the situational reality. Examples of the situational reality can be e.g. experiencing atrocities that humanity has committed, humanity’s actions to prevent such atrocities in the future, as well as human progress in eliminating poverty/inequality in the world. At least, some aspects of human lives take place at the boundary between the fundamental and situational reality. The COVID19 pandemic is linked to the concepts and the boundary between the fundamental and situational reality that human’s experiences, such as speed of pandemic impact and shifting nature of reality. The ribovirocell state of one’s self is linked to the way to apply the speed as a threshold concept for resilience in the coronavirus space-time and the post-COVID19 world

Keywords

EN

threshold concepts; ontology; causality; resilience

• Publisher: Academicus. International Scientific Journal publishing house
• Journal: Academicus. International Scientific Journal
• Year: 2024
• Volume: 15
• Issue: 29

Dates

published

2024

Contributors

author

Chidinma Iheanetu

• Biotechnology Innovation Centre and Faculty of Pharmacy, Rhodes University, South Africa

• https://orcid.org/0000000244153813

author

Viola Tamášová

• Professor, Department of School Pedagogy and Psychology, DTI University, Slovak Republic

• https://orcid.org/0000000315816013

author

Roman Tandlich

• Biotechnology Innovation Centre and Faculty of Pharmacy, Rhodes University, South Africa

• https://orcid.org/0000000296960473

References

• American Chemical Society (ACS, 2021). Penicillin production through deep-tank fermentation. Available at: https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/ whatischemistry/landmarks/penicillin.html (website accessed on 3rd August 2021).
• Bagrath, P., Manqele, S., Walsh, H., Prstková, K., Srinivas, S., Tandlich, R. (2020). Cordone sanitaire and its ethical implications of COVID19 pandemic. Published in the peer-reviewed proceedings from the 2020 CRISCON Conference, held in Uherské Hradiště, pp. 239-267 (ISBN 978-80-7454-957-1).
• Barreto, M. L. (2005). Commentary: epidemiologists and causation in an intricate world. Emerging Themes in Epidemiology 2: Article number 3. https:// doi.org/10.1186/1742-7622-2-3.
• Britannica (2021). Michelson-Morley experiment. Available at: https://www. britannica.com/science/Michelson-Morley-experiment (website accessed on 26th October 2021).
• Bureau International des Poidset Mesures (BIPM.org, undated). SI base unit: metre (m). Available at: https://www.bipm.org/en/si-base-units/metre (website accessed on 26th October 2021).
• Collins, D., Hamati, R. J., Gustavsson, K., Mehlig, B., Voth, G. A. (2020). Lord Kelvin’s isotropic helicoid (preprint). Available at: https://arxiv.org/ pdf/2006.08282.pdf (website accessed on 8th August 2021).
• Cowan, D. A., Burton, S. G., Rybicki, E. P., Wiliamson, A.-L., Dorrington, R. A., Pepper, M. S. (2021). Viruses, variants and vaccines. South African Medical Journal 111(5): 409-411. doi:10.7196/SAMJ.2021.v111i5.15578.
• Crutzen, P. J., Stoermer, E. F. (2000). The „Anthropocene“. Global Change Newsletter 41: 17-18. Avauilable at: http://www.igbp.net/ download/18.316f18321323470177580001401/1376383088452/NL41. pdf#page=17 (website accessed on 24th September 2021).
• Dey, S., Ali, S. Z., Padhi, E. (2019). Terminal fall velocity: the legacy of Stokes from the perspective of fluvial hydraulics. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 475: Article number20190277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2019.0277.
• Erden, Y. J. (2012). Wittgenstein on simile as the “best thing” in philosophy. Philosophical Investigations 35(2): 127-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.14679205.2011.01444.x.
• Evans, A. (1976). Causation and Disease: The Henle-Koch postulates revisited. The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine 49: 175-195. Available at: https:// www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2595276/ (website accessed on 4th August 2021).
• Forterre, P. (2013). The virocell concept and environmental microbiology. The ISME Journal 13: 233-236. DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2012.110.
• Frutos, R., Gavotte, L., Devaux, C. A. (2021). Understanding the origin of COVID-19 requires to change the paradigm on zoonotic emergence from the spillover to the circulation model. Infection, Genetics and Evolution 95: Article number 104812. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104812.
• Gautret, P., Lagier, J.-Ch., Parola, P., Hoang, V. T., Medde, L., Sevestre, J., Mailhe, M., Doudier, B., Aubry, C., Amrane, S., Seng, P., Hocquart, M., Finance, J., Esteves Vieira, V., Tissot Dupont, H., Honoré, S., Stein, A., Million, M., Colson, P., La Scola, B., Veit, V., Jacquier, A., Deharo, J.-C., Drancourt, M., Fournier, P. E., Rolain, J.-M., Brouqui, P., Raoult, D. (2020). Clinical and microbiological effect of a combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin in 80 COVID-19
• Iheanetu, C. U., Tamášová, V. & Tandlich, R. (2023). Simile on sense of self, virocell and the COVID19 pandemic.. Academicus International Scientific Journal, 28, 29-58. https://doi.org/10.7336/academicus.2023.28.02
• Ioannidis, J. P. A. (2005). Essay: why most published research findings are false? PLoS Medicine 2(8): Article number e124. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pmed.0020124.
• Ioannidis, J. P. A., Trikalinos, T. A. (2005). Early extreme contradictory estimates may appear in published research: the Proteus phenomenon in molecular genetics research and randomized trials. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 58(6):543-549. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2004.10.019.
• Klein, M. J. (1962). Max Planck and the Beginnings of the Quantum Theory. Archive of History of Exact Sciences 1(5): 459-479. https://www.jstor.org/ stable/41133222.
• Kolin, A. (1953). Demonstration of Parabolic Velocity Distribution in Laminar Flow. American Journal of Physics 21: 619. https://doi.org/10.1119/1.1933579.
• LIGO Caltech (undated). What is LIGO? Available at: https://www.ligo.caltech. edu/page/what-is-ligo (website accessed on 26th October 2021).
• MacKinnon, E. (2008). The Standard model as a philosophical challenge. Philosophy of Science 75(4): 447-457. doi: 10.1086/595864.
• Marbaniang, D. (2009). Philosophy of Science: Realism (section 1.2.2.1). Archived from www.geocities.com/rdsmarb and available through Google Books app on Google play.
• Margenau, H. (1944). The exclusion principle and its philosophical importance. Philosophy of Science 11(4): 187-208.
• Matveev, V. A., Tavkhehlidze, A. N. (2005). The quantum number color, colored quarks and QDC (Dedicated to the 40th Anniversary of the Discovery of Color. Available at: http://www1.jinr.ru/Pepan/2006-v37/v-37-3/pdf/v-37-3_01.pdf (website accessed on 8th August 2021).
• McKeown, R. (2009). The epidemiologic transition: changing patterns of mortality and population dynamics. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine 3(1 Suppl): 19S-26S. https://doi.org/10.1177/1559827609335350.
• Mehta, D. (2019). CAREER COLUMN: 04 October 2019 Highlight negative results to improve science. Nature https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-019-02960-3.
• MIT News (2012). Explained: Sigma. How do you know when a new finding is significant? The sigma value can tell you - but watch out for dead fish Available at: https://news.mit.edu/2012/explained-sigma-0209 (website accessed on 25th November 2021).
• NASA (2021). Einstein’s Theory of Relativity, Critical For GPS, Seen In Distant Stars. Available at: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/chandra/images/ einstein-s-theory-of-relativity-critical-for-gps-seen-in-distant-stars.html (website accessed on 26th October 2021).
• Pfeiffer, T., Bertram, L., Ioannidis, J. (2011). Quantifying Selective Reporting and the Proteus Phenomenon for Multiple Datasets with Similar Bias. PLoS ONE 6(2): Article number e18362. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018362.
• Salwén, H. (2019). Threshold concepts, obstacles or scientific dead ends. Teaching in Higher Education 26(1): 36-49. https://doi.org/10.1080/1356251 7.2019.1632828
• Sfetcu, N. (2019). The distinction between falsification and refutation in the demarcation problem of Karl Popper. SetThings, MultiMedia Publishing (ed.), doi: 10.13140/RG.2.2.22522.54725 (ISBN 978-606-033-207-7). Available at: https://www.telework.ro/ro/ebooks/the-distinction-between-falsificationand-refutation-in-the-demarcation-problem-of-karlpopper/ (website accessed on 21st September 2021).
• Shaw-Taylor, K. (2020). An introduction to the history of infectious diseases, epidemics and the early phases of the long-run decline in mortality. Economic History Review 73(3): E1-E19. doi: 10.1111/ehr.13019.
• Shivalingaswamy, T., Rashmi, P. E. (2014). I am the speed of light c, you ‘see’ …..! European Journal of Physics 5(1): 51-58. https://doi.org/10.20308/ejpe. v5i1.62.
• Siegel, E. (2021). The Standard Model Is An Orphan Theory Now. Available at: https://medium.com/starts-with-a-bang/the-standard-model-is-an-orphantheory-now-f124e488978e (website accessed on 27th October 2021).
• Sims, N. A. (2016). Feature: A simple treaty, a complex fulfillment: A short history of the Biological Weapons Convention Review Conferences. Bulleitn of the Atomic Scientists 67(3): 8-15. https://doi.org/10.1177/0096340211407400.
• Smithsonian Science Education Center (SSEC, 2021). The most famnous failed experiment. Available at: https://ssec.si.edu/stemvisions-blog/most-famousfailed-experiment (website accessed on 6th November 2021).
• Steffen, W., Crutzen, P. J., McNeill, J. R. (2007). The Anthropocene: Are Humans Now Overwhelming the Great Forces of Nature? Ambio 36(8): 614-621. doi: DOI: 10.1579/0044-7447(2007)36[614:taahno]2.0.co;2.
• The Noble Prize (2021). MLA style: The Nobel Prize in Physics 1907 (from NobelPrize.org). Nobel Prize Outreach AB 2021. Last updated on Monday 25 Oct 2021. Available at: https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1907/ summary/ (website accessed on 26th October 2021).
• Todman, L. C., Fraser, F. C., Corstanje, R., Deeks, L. K., Harris, J. A., Pawlett, M., Ritz, K., Whitmore, A. P. (2016). Defining and quantifying the resilience of responses to disturbance: a conceptual and modelling approach from soil science. Scientific Reports 6: Article number 28426. https://doi.org/10.1038/ srep28426.
• United Nations (UN, 1948-2021). Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Available at: https://www.un.org/en/about-us/universal-declaration-ofhuman-rights (website accessed on 27th October 2021).
• United Nations Office of Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR.org, 2020-2021). The Sendai Framework and the SDGs. Available at: https://www.undrr.org/ implementing-sendai-framework/sf-and-sdgs (website accessed on 3rd October 2021).
• United Nations Office of Disarmament Affairs (UNODA, undated). 1925 Geneva protocol. Available at: https://www.un.org/disarmament/wmd/bio/1925geneva-protocol/ (website accessed on 27th October 2021).
• Weinberg, S. (1967). A model of leptons. Physical Review Letters 19(21): 12641266. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.19.1264.
• World Vision (2021). Global poverty: Facts, FAQs, and how to help. Available at: https://www.worldvision.org/sponsorship-news-stories/global-poverty-facts (website accessed on 20th September 2021).

Identifiers

DOI

10.7336/academicus.2024.29.03

Biblioteka Nauki

23587497