EN
Not without reason, the cradle of the Polish museology is the establishment of a museum in Puławy by Izabela Czartoryska, née Flemming. Earliest museum institutions also include Muzeum Lubomirskich w Zakładzie Narodowym im. Ossolińskich we Lwowie [The Lubomirski Museum at the National Ossoliński Institute in Lvov], where the term ‘museum’ was for the first time used to denote a place for collecting objects and rendering them available for public as exposition (which, due to housing problems, proved initially difficult). Nonetheless, the mid 19th c. marks the first and real outset of museology that abounds in fruitful consequences for the Polish culture, which was also connected with establishing museums of antiquities in each provinces of the country (under partition). The paper predominantly refers to Muzeum Starożytności Towarzystwa Naukowego Krakowskiego [The Museum of Antiquities of the Kraków Scientific Society] (1850), Muzeum Starożytności hr. Eustachego Tyszkiewicza w Wilnie [The Museum of Antiquity in Vilnius founded by Eustachy Tyszkiewicz] (1855), and Muzeum Starożytności Polskich i Słowiańskich Poznańskiego Towarzystwa Przyjaciół Nauk [Museum of Polish and Slavic Antiquities of the Poznań Society for the Advancement of Arts and Sciences] (1857). The group is complemented by two Warsaw museums, namely Muzeum Konstantego Świdzińskiego [Museum of Konstanty Świdziński], the then well-known antiquity scholar, included into and presented in Krasiński Library (1860) and Muzeum Starożytności Szkoły Głównej Warszawskiej [Museum of Antiquity of the Main School of Warsaw] (later Cesarski Uniwersytet Warszawski) [Imperial University of Warsaw] founded by Hipolit Skimbrowicz (1869), as well as Muzeum Towarzystwa Naukowego w Toruniu [Museum of the Society of Arts and Sciences in Toruń] (1875).