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JUDAISM AND SHOAH. THE DEBATE IN THE AMERICAN JEWISH PERIODICALSThe aim of the article is to present the most important elements of the debate on the Holocaust which is currently taking place in the United States, particularly within the Jewish community. The author shows how this discussion had been initiated in the sixties of the past century, pointing out to the problem of “God’s death” as an issue which has become a special area of interest for the American intellectuals. One of the Jewish thinkers who first brought up this controversial issue was Richard L. Rubenstein, theologian, sociologist and rabbi who had quickly acquired the reputation of the firstJewish “radical theologian”. Yet, his views did not win him widespread support and were often severely criticized. Although the beginnings of the debate concerning the Holocaust of European Jews go back to the sixties, yet the debate had reached its highest temperature in the eighties and nineties of the past century, becoming almost the focal point of intellectual arguments within the American Jewry. An important issue which is also raised by the author of the article is the problem of Jewish identity with regard to the Holocaust. The author presents various opinions relating to this issue particularly on the theological and political plane, pointing out to the “exceptional character of the Holocaust” and a tendency to regard it as a “new civil religion” of the American Jews.