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PL
The plot in the Elijah and Elisha cycle is based on the multilevel contest: between kings and prophets on a level of bistory, between drought and rain on a level of nature, between Baal, the god ofCanaanites and Yahweh, the God of Israel on a level of religion, and ultimately between death and life on a level of human existence. This last one is a main theme of two episodes in l Kings 17,8-24 and 2 Kings 4,8-37. In the first text, despite the life-sustaining miracle of inexhaustible supplies, the son of the widow from Zarephath, Baal's territory, dies. Thus it is no longer a question of finding water or food, or even a matter of preventing possible death from starvation. It is ratber a matter of overcoming actual death. Through Elijah's action of stretching bimself out upon the dead boy, he is restored to life and returned to his mother. In the second text there is no poor widow and ber son facing starvation, but a rich woman from Shunem with no children. Through Elisha's announcement she miraculously conceived and gave birth to son. However this child is bom only to die. With the death of the boy the real issue of the story is now: can the  man of God revive the dead? The two stage action of the prophet results in the resuscitation of the boy. And again Yahweh, the God of Israel, appears to be the God of the living, not the God of the dead.
PL
In this article entitled 'Abraham: the one w ho against hope, in hope believed' we have tried to defin a hope in terms of narrative transformation of Abraham's identity. Abraham as a member of a genealogical tree of Terah lived in a history and a world of his father, unable to live his own independent life (Gen 11,27-32). Only the word of God's promise (Gen 12,1-3) bas been powerful enough to turn him into a new person, opened towards future. In this process hope bas been playing an indispensable role. Shaped by the promise it transgresses every historical circumstances towards eschatological goal.
PL
It is not by means of the theological system or theory that we come to know Israel's identity. It is expressed rather in and through stories. They tell us not so much about its past as about the events which have made the people of Israel a covenantal community. The Joseph narrative in Genesis 37 - 50 has a special significance in this context because it presents a family as a foundation and prototype of the community Israel has become at the foot of Mount Sinai. A narrative analysis of Gen 37 - 50 has demostrated that in a process of building up a community a set of rules operates: an ability to acknowledge one's wrongdoings against others, a concern for the weak and vulnerable, a willingness to stand surety for another, and finely a readiness to allow experiences and sufferings of others to get entangled in one's own history of life.
PL
Interpretation of the Bible is today a difficult and demanding undertaking, for it deals with a complex and multidimensional text. First, it has all characteristics of any human literary work. Second, many believers read it as a word of God. The Bibie as the human work has to be explained by means ofliterary and hislorical methods, employed mainly by biblical scholars at the universities. However, the Bible is still proclaimed in the Church as the actual word of God. This creates a serious hermeneutical problem of how to relate the scientific interpretation of the biblical texts to its kerygmatic exposition. In order to solve the problem one has to work out a new hermeneutical model that takes into account all three stages of a hermeneutical arc: understanding, explanation and appropriation.
EN
The Book of Genesis tells a story about three fathers: Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. To be a father for Abraham is first to expect a child for a long time, then to follow the words of promise God speaks to him, especially the promise of a son. When Ishmael and Isaac have been born to him, his father affections are put to the tests. Ishmael has to be sent away along with his mother Hagar. Then, God commands him to sacrifice his now only son, Isaac. When Isaac himself was old and could not see, he was blinded by his desire for the venison stew, Esau used to prepare for him, but eventually he was corrected by his wife Rebekah who gained his blessing for Jacob, the son she loved. Finally, Jacob is the most experienced father. His love for Joseph and then after his alleged death, for his youngest son Benjamin, proved to be strong enough and stood the test of time.
PL
Księga Rodzaju prezentuje historię trzech ojców: Abrahama, Izaaka i Jakuba. Dla Abrahama bycie ojcem oznacza najpierw oczekiwanie prez długi czas syna, a następnie podążanie za obietnicą, którą Bóg mu złożył, szczególnie obietnicą syna. Kiedy narodzili się Ismael i Izaak, uczucia ojcowskie Abrahama zostały poddane próbie. Izmael miał zostać odesłany wraz z Hagar. Po tym Bóg każe mu złożyć w ofeirze jedynego syna, Izaaka. Kiedy Izaak stał się stary i nie mógł widzieć, został zaślepiony przez swoje pragnienie dziczyzny. Przygotował je Ezaw, który został jednak ubiegnięty przez Rebekę, która zyskała błogosławieństwo dla swego umiłowanego syna, Jakuba. Jakub był ojcem najbardziej doświadczonym przez życie. Jego miłość do Józefa i po jego rzekomej śmierci do najmłodszego syna, Beniamina, ostała się próbie.
PL
Narracja o Jakubie i Ezawie pokazuje jak trudne i złożone jest wprowadzenie w czyn przebaczenie. Wynika to nie tylko z następowania po sobie znaczących epizodów, w których występują i postępują naprzód dwaj bohaterowie, ale również z ich historii życiowej, statusu społecznego i pozycji politycznej. Najwżniejszym jest fakt, iż wzajemne przebacznie jako finalny wynik jest niemożliwy do osiągnięcia bez szeregu interwencji Boga w postępowanie obu stron.
The Biblical Annals
|
2017
|
vol. 7
|
issue 2
187-205
EN
The article postulates a narrative reading of Exodus 2:1–3:15 as a more appropriate one than a historical­critical reading focused on the composite origin and the literary evolution of the text. The text in the several well­thought episodes creates a narrative identity of Moses in its multi­faceted form. In his lifespan he has been subjected to the influence of three religions: Egyptian, Hebrew, and Midian. All of them are challenged in the call narrative (Ex 3:1­15). Searching for the meaning of a common desert bush on fire Moses is looking for a significance of his entire life. At the same time however he encounters God in a radically new form, adequate to his narrative identity. Thus the new identity of God and of Moses interweave with each other in one formula: I AM has sent me to you (Ex 3:14).
PL
Artykuł postuluje lekturę narracyjną Exodus 2,1-3,15 jako bardziej odpowiednią niż analiza historyczno-krytyczna, koncentrująca się na źródłach tekstu i ich literackich przekształceniach. Opowiadanie zawiera kilka eipzodów tworzących tożsamość narracyjną Mojżesza. W historii swego życia znajdował się pod wpływem trzech religii: egipskiej, hebrajskiej i madianickiej. Jednakże nie znalazł w nich odpowiedzi na kryzys tożsamości, z ktorym skonfrontował się dopiero w spotkaniu z Bogiem w krzewie ognistym. Poszukując sensu tego zjawiska musiał się zastanowić nad swoimi dramatycznami losami, przede wszystkim nad kondyncją uchodźcy. Wtedy narodził się zarys nowej relgii (monoteizmu), w której tożsamości Boga, Mojżesza i ludu, nierozerwalnie splecione ze sobą znalazły wyraz w jednej formule: Jestem posłał mnie do was (Ex 3,14).
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