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Kwartalnik Filozoficzny
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2009
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vol. 37
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issue 3
89-107
EN
The debate between realism and antirealism is of crucial significance for epistemology and metaphysics. The paper discusses three recent forms of it, developed in the writings of Michael Dummett, Kit Fine, and Paul Horwich. They are presented against the traditional or standard picture of the debate. The thrust of Dummett's proposal is that the debate should be given an explicitly semantical form as the opposition between truth-conditional and justificationist theories of meaning. For Fine this attempt to resolve characteristically metaphysical issues in semantical terms is rather misguided, since the metaphysical conception of reality which is at stake here cannot be understood in fundamentally different terms. Horwich, in opposition to both Dummett and Fine, thinks that one should overcome the debate by embracing metaphilosophical quietism or deflationism. It seems that the debate at its current stage is still far from being conclusive, although its present terms are more precise than those employed in the past.
EN
Friedrich Waismann was a rather tragic thinker of the past century, who spent the first part of his life in Austria as a member of the Vienna Circle, and then emigrated to England, where he finally settled in Oxford and became associated with its postwar ordinary language philosophy. The paper provides a brief account of Waismann’s life and scholarly achievements, presents an outline of his conception of philosophy, and discusses various criticisms and interpretations of his metaphilosophy. It is emphasized that his significance for the development of analytical philosophy should not be reduced to a more or less faithful exposition of the ideas of Ludwig Wittgenstein.
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