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O transferze emocji i nastrojów miedzy ludźmi – mechanizm i psychologiczne wyznaczniki zarażenia afektywnego

100%
Wróbel M.
Psychologia Społeczna
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2008
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vol. 3
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issue 3(8)
210-230
EN
Affective contagion is a process of transferring emotions or moods between persons. Although research (especially conducted in the United States) shows that this phenomenon plays a great role in understanding changes of affective states that occur in the presence of other people, it has not yet attracted the attention of Polish psychologists. Thus, the aim of the article was to describe the phenomenon of affective contagion. Particular emphasis was placed on the differentiation between two kinds of processes – emotional and mood contagion – together with their underlying mechanisms. Manifestations and consequences of the spread of affective states through contagion, as well as psychological determinants of susceptibility to the transfer of moods and emotions were also discussed.
2
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Can empathy lead to emotional exhaustion in teachers? The mediating role of emotional labor

100%
Wróbel M.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
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2013
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vol. 26
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issue 4
581-592
EN
Objectives: The present study was designed to examine the links between empathy, emotional labor (both surface and deep acting), and emotional exhaustion as well as determine if emotional labor mediates the relationship between empathy and emotional exhaustion in teachers. It was assumed that emotional labor can take two opposite directions (positive mood induction and negative mood induction). Thus, the additional aim of the study was to analyze the mediating role of mood regulation strategies in the relationship between empathy and emotional exhaustion. Materials and Methods: A sample of 168 teachers from Łódź and its surroundings completed a set of questionnaires: Emotional Labor Scale; Mood Regulation Scales, Maslach Burnout Inventory, and Empathic Sensitivity Scale. Results: The results provided mixed support for the hypotheses indicating that both types of emotional labor, negative mood induction and emotional exhaustion were positively intercorrelated. Moreover, deep acting was a significant mediator in the relationship between empathy and emotional exhaustion. The analyzed link was also mediated by negative mood induction, whereas positive mood induction did not emerge as a significant mediator. Conclusions: The study provided insight into the role of empathy and emotional labor in the development of teacher burnout. It also confirmed that deep acting and negative mood induction mediate the relationship between empathy and emotional exhaustion in teachers.
3
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Is your mood more contagious if you are likeable? The role of liking in the social induction of affect

63%
Wróbel M., Królewiak K.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
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2015
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vol. 46
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issue 3
413-420
EN
In the present study, we explored the role of liking in the social induction of affect. Dispositional likeability was manipulated by written reports describing a sender as a likeable or dislikeable character. Afterwards participants watched short videos presenting the sender displaying happy or sad emotional expressions. We expected that exposure to the likeable sender would lead to reactions concordant with his emotional expression (assimilation), whereas exposure to the dislikeable sender would result in discordant reactions (contrast). The results indicated that dispositional likeability influenced the social induction of affect when the sender expressed positive emotions. Moreover, liking mediated the effects of the happy sender’s dispositional likeability on participants’ affective state. Exposure to the sad sender, however, led to assimilation regardless of the sender’s dispositional likeability.
4
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Emotions are not a private matter: Introduction to a special issue on emotions in interpersonal relationships

63%
Wróbel M., Olszanowski M.
Roczniki Psychologiczne
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2019
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vol. 22
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issue 1
9-14
EN
Although emotions are frequently treated as highly intimate experiences, much empirical evidence indicates that they primarily play interpersonal functions. Here, we briefly review this evidence and argue that the relationship between emotions and social interactions may be bi-directional (that is, emotions may both influence and be influenced by social factors). The papers included in this special issue illustrate this bidirectionality with examples coming from studies on social judgments, emotional contagion, emotional regulation, empathy, and emotion vocalization. Taken together, these papers show that emotions and interpersonal relationships are inextricably intertwined.
5
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Emotional reactions to dynamic morphed facial expressions: A new method to induce emotional contagion

63%
Wróbel M., Olszanowski M.
Roczniki Psychologiczne
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2019
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vol. 22
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issue 1
91-102
EN
In the current study, we tested the utility of a new method developed to study emotional contagion (i.e., the transfer of emotional states between people). Inspired by studies on emotional mimicry – a process that has been postulated as one of the main mechanisms leading to emotional contagion, we created a set of videos showing morphed facial expressions of happiness, sadness, and anger. Following exposure to each video, participants rated their emotions. Our findings demonstrated that the videos evoked congruent emotions in viewers, thereby supporting the notion that dynamic morphed facial expressions may be effective “emotionally contagious” stimuli. Additionally, in line with the previous studies and classic theories of emotional contagion, the displays of anger evoked a complementary reaction of fear.
6
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What Makes People Cry? A Preliminary Analysis of Situations that Evoke Emotional Tears

63%
Wągrowska J., Wróbel M.
Roczniki Psychologiczne
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2022
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vol. 25
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issue 4
277-307
EN
The aim of two preliminary studies reported in the article was to identify the main reasons for crying and to create a set of situational vignettes that would refer to specific situations or events that potentially can make people cry. In Study 1 (n = 61), we asked the participants to list six general reasons behind crying. In Study 2 (n = 70), the participants were asked to identify specific situations in which people shed emotion-related tears. As a result, we selected a set of 34 situational vignettes. Each of them is a short and gender-neutral description of a specific emotional reason that can make people cry and is related to one of the following basic emotions: happiness, sadness, anger, or fear. The vignettes can be used to manipulate the emotional basis of tears in experimental research.
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Skala Płytkiej i Głębokiej Pracy Emocjonalnej (SPGPE) – adaptacja narzędzia i wstępna analiza własności psychometrycznych

51%
Finogenow M., Wróbel M., Mróz J.
Medycyna Pracy
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2015
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vol. 66
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issue 3
359-371
EN
Background This article presents the results of the study on the Polish version of the revised Emotional Labor Scale (ELS), developed by Lee and Brotheridge. The ELS measures deep acting and 2 aspects of surface acting (hiding feelings and faking emotions). Material and Methods Psychometric characteristics of the Polish version of the ELS, named Deep Acting and Surface Acting Scale (DASAS), were analyzed in the preliminary study on 332 people working in various service professions. We verified factor structure of the scale, its reliability, and construct validity (that is, the relationships between its subscales and other measures of workplace functioning). Results The results indicated that the DASAS has good psychometric properties which are comparable with the characteristics of the original scale. We replicated a 3-factor structure of the scale and confirmed its satisfying internal consistency and construct validity. Conclusions The preliminary findings suggest that the DASAS is an adequate measure of deep and surface acting. Med Pr 2015;66(3):359–371
PL
Wstęp Artykuł prezentuje wyniki prac nad polską wersją zrewidowanej Emotional Labour Scale (ELS), narzędzia do pomiaru pracy emocjonalnej opracowanego przez Lee i Brotheridge. Skala pozwala mierzyć pracę głęboką oraz 2 aspekty pracy płytkiej (ukrywanie uczuć i udawanie emocji). Materiał i metody Własności psychometryczne polskiej wersji, nazwanej Skalą Płytkiej i Głębokiej Pracy Emocjonalnej (SPGPE), poddano ocenie w badaniu wstępnym z udziałem 332 przedstawicieli różnych zawodów usługowych. Zweryfikowano strukturę czynnikową skali, jej rzetelność oraz trafność teoretyczną, analizując związki jej podskal z innymi miarami dotyczącymi funkcjonowania w środowisku pracy. Wyniki Uzyskane wyniki wskazały, że SPGPE charakteryzuje się dobrymi parametrami psychometrycznymi, porównywalnymi z wersją oryginalną. Zreplikowano 3-czynnikową strukturę narzędzia oraz potwierdzono jego zadowalającą zgodność wewnętrzną i trafność teoretyczną. Wnioski Wstępne analizy pozwalają uznać SPGPE za trafne i rzetelne narzędzie do pomiaru płytkiej i głębokiej pracy emocjonalnej. Med. Pr. 2015;66(3):359–371
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