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EN
The author of this article supplemented the biography of Andrzej Wincenty Ustrzycki. It was possible thanks to the research of Paweł Sczaniecki OSB. The article is also based on the author’s own research. It emphasizes Ustrzycki’s place in the literary culture of his day.
EN
A collection of Latin poems titled Septem sidera was first published in Krakow in 1629 in the printing house of Franciscus Cezary. Jan Brożek (Ioannes Broscius), a celebrated scholar and professor at the Academy of Cracow, edited this book. Brożek was also the author of the preface and of the dedication to Pope Urban VIII. He claimed to have found the poems amidst the documents left by Nicolaus Copernicus. Jerzy Krókowski analysed these poems in his book De septem sideribus quae Nicolao Copernico vulgo tribuuntur (Cracow 1926). Krókowski argued that the poems contained distinctive features of parodia sacra that were practised in the seventeenth century. The scholar concluded that the cycle of Septem sidera was probably written within Jesuit circles. The author of this article completes Krókowski’s argumentation by paying attention to the presence of Christian symbolism and juxtaposing the Latin text with Jesuit iconography.
PL
Almost all outstanding Polish historians and poets of the 17th century put forward the theory that the Polish gentry (szlachta) was descended from the Sarmatians-the warriors settled between the Dnieper and Vistula rivers. Sarmatism became an all–embracing national ideology. It was characterized among other things by megalomania.This article is an attempt at a survey of heraldic literature of Bartosz Paprocki(“Gniaz do cnoty”, Kraków 1578), Szymon Okolski (“Orbis Polonus”, Kraków 1641– 1645) and Wacław Potocki (“Poczet herbów szlachty”, Kraków 1696). The discussed Polish and Latin texts of poetical and rhetorical character were persuasive and shaped ethical values of their readers. These armorials satisfied the ambitions of the gentry but also touched upon current socio–political, religious and, last but not least, moral problems. Especially Wacław Potocki in his heraldic verses expressed a critical attitude towards the negative aspects of everyday life of the gentry.
PL
The paper studies selected aspects of the reception of Homeric theme of Nestor’s cup in the early modern times, both in emblematics and in literary worksThe longevity of king of Pylos and his oratorical skills were often alluded to in the Greek and Latin literature. As it turns out, the interpretation of the cup’s adornments included in Athenaeus’ Banquet of the Learned was widely discussed in the early modern times. This interpretation contributed both to the study of emblematics and literary works. The Homeric theme left its indelible mark also on the Old Polish literature, as in the funeral oration in honor of Bishop of Cracow Jakub Zadzik entitled Nestor Sarmaticus written by Jan Cynerski-Rachtamowicz.
PL
The article concerns a series of biographical epigrams entitled Vitae archiepiscoporum Gnesnensium written by Klemens Janicki at the request of Archbishop Andrzej Krzycki. The author considers historical and iconographic context of this cycle.
EN
The article highlights the role of Latin as the language of communication of the nobility living in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. At the beginning discusses the concept "latinitas", which meant not only the correct Latin, but also pointed to the ideological content of antiquity passed through the language of the ancient Romans. The article traced the process of using Latin as a tool for maintaining social ties. We studied Latin armorial "Orbis Polonus" by Simon Okolski (Cracow 1641-1645). It turned out that the language of this work was not only informative but also persuasive, propaganda and emotive. It concludes that Okolski consciously wrote his work in the language of the ancient Romans.
PL
W artykule podkreśla się rolę języka łacińskiego jako języka komunikacji społecznej szlachty zamieszkującej Rzeczpospolitą Obojga Narodów. Na początku omawia się pojęcie latinitas, które oznaczało nie tylko poprawną łacinę, lecz także wskazywało na treści ideowe antyku przekazywane za pomocą języka starożytnych Rzymian. W artykule prześledzono proces wykorzystania łaciny jako narzędzia pozwalającego na utrzymanie więzi społecznej. Badaniu poddano łaciński herbarz Orbis Polonus Szymona Okolskiego (Kraków 1641-1645). Okazało się, że język tego dzieła pełnił nie tylko funkcję informacyjną, lecz także perswazyjną, propagandową i emotywną. W konkluzji stwierdza się, że Okolski świadomie napisał swe dzieło w języku starożytnych Rzymian.
EN
Jakub Paweł Radliński was a General of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre in Miechow between 1744-1765. In 1755 he published in Krakow a religious book Gemmae Sacrosanctae Crucis Nostri Domini Jesu Christi (Jewels of the Sacred Cross of Our Lord Jesus Christ). It is a collection of nearly 150 Latin epigrams preceded by lemmas. The work consists of two parts. In the first section the author develops themes and symbols (figurae) drawn from Scripture, both from the Old, and from the New Testament. The second part contains predictions (prophetiae) on St. Cross. The poems are related to emblems, which were popular in the first half of the eighteenth century. Radliński’s Latin book is worth reminding because of its religious and literary values.
PL
The authors of this paper examine the ancient concepts of translatio, imitatio and aemulatio. The text goes over some problems of the heritage of antiquity and its reception in European culture of the early modern period. These questions were discusssed during the international conference “Heredes et scrutatores. Attitudes towards Antiquity in the Renaissance and in the Early Modern Period”, which was held on 19–20 May 2016 at the University of Warsaw. It celebrated the 200th anniversary of classical studies at this university. The conference seeked to explore the changing attitudes towards the heritage of classical antiquity in post-classical European culture. The scholars participating in the meeting tried to (re)examine the diversity of these attitudes in the period between the Late Middle Ages and Early Modern Times and to reflect on a number of related problems, among which were the theoretical viewpoints that had been suggested to describe this diversity. One of them, which gave its name to this conference, distinguishes between two general approaches: that of the “users”, concentrated on adapting the classical legacy by means of procedures inherited from the ancient Romans, and that of the “researchers”, which replaced the former procedures with ones typical of scholarly cognition. The participants discussed theoretical issues and concrete cases illustrating the ways that the intellectuals of the Renaissance and Early Modern Times approached the Greek and the Roman legacy. The connections between past and present attitudes towards antiquity have also been be the subject of the debate.
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