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PL
Celem artykułu jest prezentacja psychospołecznych i kulturowych reakcji Afrykanów na epidemię eboli w latach 2014–2016 i pandemię koronawirusa ogłoszoną w 2020 roku i trwającą do dzisiaj, a także ukazanie kolizji – zarówno na poziomie praktyk, jak i sensów i wyobrażeń – religijności z naukowo umotywowanym zwalczaniem zagrożenia epidemicznego. W pierwszej części opracowania zrekonstruowano „socjologię wiedzy” o wirusach w społeczeństwach afrykańskich. Ukazano znaczenie teorii spiskowych tłumaczących źródła chorób; indolencję rządów w uświadamianiu obywateli co do skali zagrożeń; rolę systemów eksperckich w kształtowaniu percepcji chorób zakaźnych. Następnie omówiono postrzeganie przez Afrykanów medycyny zachodniej, w tym szczepień. W drugiej części tekstu przedstawiono ewolucję obyczajowości afrykańskiej w czasie plag, między innymi zwyczajów funeralnych i praktyk religijnych. Przybliżono wybrane mechanizmy oswojenia plag: konstruowania figury kozła ofiarnego, a także współczesne formy tańca śmierci. Kontekstem analizy są wybrane zjawiska polityczne i ekonomiczne, kwestie wiary, ścierania się tradycji i nowoczesności oraz – jak to określił niemiecki fenomenolog Dietrich von Hildebrand – metafizyki wspólnoty.
EN
The aim of the article is to present the psychosocial and cultural responses of Africans to the Ebola epidemic in 2014–2016 and the coronavirus pandemic, which was announced in 2020 and has lasted until today, as well as to show the collision – at the level of practices, senses, and images – of religiosity with the scientifically motivated fight against these epidemic threats. The first part of the article reconstructs the “sociology of knowledge” about viruses in African societies. The importance of conspiracy theories about the sources of disease, the indolence of governments in making citizens aware of the scale of threats, and the role of expert systems in shaping the perception of infectious diseases, are shown. Then, the African perception of Western medicine, including vaccination programmes, is discussed. The second part of the article presents the evolution of African customs during plagues, including funeral customs and religious practices. Selected mechanisms of domestication of plagues are discussed: the construction of the figure of a scapegoat, and contemporary forms of the dance of death. Selected political and economic phenomena, questions of faith, the clash of tradition and modernity, and – as the German phenomenologist Dietrich von Hildebrand wrote – the metaphysics of the community, form the context of the analysis.
Afryka
|
2014
|
issue 39
59-82
EN
The purpose of the article is to show the strategies of legitimacy, the scope of the investments and the rules of engagement of the BRICS in Africa. In the introduction, the birth of the BRICS and the nature of trade between the BRICS and Africa are presented. Next, the activities of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa are characterized.
EN
The aim of the article is to describe the contribution of Marian Małowist (1909–1988) – the Polish medievalist recognized by Immanuel Wallerstein as the initiator of the world-system-theory – in the development of the postcolonial studies. The paper presents the views of Marian Małowist on the role of Africa in the global trade system – his attempt to construct a model of postcolonial relations, the assumption of the “interdependence of regions” linking Europe with the countries of Western Sudan. The article also elaborates the methodology and historiosophy of the researcher of the non-European cultures, issues of dependency, progress and underdevelopment
EN
the purpose of the article is to characterize the Ivorian nationalism. In the introduction the mechanisms of the creation of the African nation in the postcolonial era and the European perception of this process are shown. Next, the birth of nationalist ideology in Ivory Coast and the role of the “father of the nation” – Félix Houphouët-Boigny – are characterized. Then, the article focuses on the meaning of the national goods among which cocoa should be recognized. Mismanagement on the cocoa economy was one of the most significant reasons of redefining the national identity (Ivoirity), the outbreak of the civil war and the decaying of the state. Finally, the essay presents the attempts of implementation of the transitional justice and ongoing national reconciliation in Ivory Coast.
EN
The article reviews the exhibition “550 years of the Parliamentarism of the Republic of Poland” organized by the Sejm Library in the Royal Castle in Warsaw in July and August 2018. It reports the preparations and the course of the opening day. Further, the applied narration is discussed: the chronological-problem arrangement of the exhibition.
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