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Japonia – nadzór korporacyjny i finanse publiczne

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Michalski K., Instytut Ekonomii U. Ł.

Gospodarka w Praktyce i Teorii

2012

vol. 1(30)

Japan ‒ the third economic power in the world – has been for over a decade, in a state of a prolonged stagnation spreading over the domains of its economy including the banking system. Japan’s participation in the II World War resulted in a humiliating defeat.. Japanese cities were completely demolished. Japanese industry and infrastructure were also totally destroyed. Yet, within the next two generations, Japan managed to succeed in economic achievements that were commonly known as “an economic miracle”. The completely ruined country, deprived of any natural resources, has become the world’s economic power, and the leader in many economic domains. The reason for is that Japanese people are characterized by strict obedience towards authorities, diligence, patience and a proper assessment of the post war political situation all over the world made by the Japanese government. Measured and systematic investments of the 60’s and 70’s of the 20th century, were carried out in traditional industries e.g.: metallurgy, textile industry, ship-building industry as well as more modern ones such as automobile and electronics industries. Good quality and reasonable prices of products soon gained popularity among external markets. During a rapid development of 1954-1971, Japan adopted an anti-import policy and closed its market for foreign goods. This policy as well as the well-thought-out strategy of development resulted in a dynamic economic development of the country. Therefore, Japan became an important Americanally in the geopolitical configuration of powers.

Bierność zawodowa osób niepełnosprawnych w Polsce

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Kobus-Ostrowska D., Instytut Ekonomii U. Ł.

Gospodarka w Praktyce i Teorii

2015

vol. 4(41)

The article discusses the economic inactivity of disabled persons in Poland and pointing their opportunities for change. Their activity is analysed using statistical and empirical data obtained from quarterly Labour Force Surveys (LFS) conducted by Central Statistical Office (GUS), as well as information available at the Office of the Government Plenipotentiary for the Disabled. Pointing to a considerably improved labour market situation of disabled people, the above analysis of their economic activity also finds multiple constraints in this area. The present social policy has not lifted the existing barriers, but have only made them less severe for a time.

Celem artykułu jest próba identyfikacji czynników determinujących bierność zawodową osób niepełnosprawnych w Polsce i wskazanie kierunków zmian. Do analizy posłużył materiał statystyczno-empiryczny udostępniony przez GUS w ramach kwartalnych Badań Aktywności Ekonomicznej Ludności (BAEL), a także informacje przekazane z Biura Pełnomocnika Rządu do Spraw Osób Niepełnosprawnych. Zaprezentowana analiza aktywności zawodowej osób niepełnosprawnych w Polsce z jednej strony wskazuje na poprawę sytuacji tych osób na rynku pracy, z drugiej zaś podkreśla wielorakie ograniczenia. Nadal występują bariery, których aktualnie realizowana polityka społeczna i system rehabilitacji zawodowej nie eliminują, a jedynie doraźnie łagodzą.

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2 Gospodarka w Praktyce i Teorii

2 Instytut Ekonomii U. Ł.

1 Kobus-Ostrowska D.

1 Michalski K.

1 2015

1 2012

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Japonia – nadzór korporacyjny i finanse publiczne

Bierność zawodowa osób niepełnosprawnych w Polsce