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Universal design and empathic design for engineers

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Kamińska D., Zwoliński G., Pinto-Coelho L., Raposo R.
Medycyna Pracy
|
2023
|
vol. 74
|
issue 1
211-225
EN
This article explores the relevance of universal design and empathic design in education. The universal design focuses on creating accessible and usable products, environments, and systems for individuals with diverse abilities. Empathy, on the other hand, involves understanding and sharing the feelings of others, encompassing cognitive, emotional, and compassionate empathy. The article investigates the application of empathy in design, particularly its importance for engineers. Teaching empathy to engineers is emphasized as a crucial aspect. By developing empathic skills, engineers gain a deeper understanding of user needs and perspectives, leading to more inclusive and user-centered design solutions. Effective communication techniques such as asking open-ended questions, active listening, observation, and perspective-taking are explored to enhance empathy in communication. The article also explores methods for measuring empathy, thus enabling engineers to assess the effectiveness of their empathic design approaches. The challenges facing students, teachers, and university authorities in implementing such courses are also bulleted.
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Enhancing empathy through virtual reality: developing a universal design training application for students

88%
Zwoliński G., Kamińska D., Haamer R. E., Pinto-Coelho L., Anbarjafari G.
Medycyna Pracy
|
2023
|
vol. 74
|
issue 3
199-210
EN
The lack of empathy towards disability is a significant societal issue that hampers inclusivity and understanding. Many struggle to comprehend the daily challenges and experiences faced by people with disabilities, leading to ignorance, prejudice, and exclusion. However, empathy plays a pivotal role in addressing this problem and serves as the foundation for developing and creating better products, services, and environments. This article explores the potential of developing virtual reality (VR) applications to enhance students’ empathy towards individuals with disabilities. By increasing empathy levels, students are expected to gain significant qualifications in universal design (UD). The full application development process covers the most suitable head-mounted display (HMD) set. The implementation methodology using the Unity programming platform, the approach adopted for conducting classes using the developed VR application, and the deployment stage. Testing was successfully conducted on a student population, receiving positive user feedback. Through the integration of VR technology, the authors thoroughly describe how to address the empathy gap and equip students with essential skills for inclusive and accessible design. The findings presented in this study provide valuable guidance for educators and developers interested in harnessing VR’s potential to foster empathy and advance universal design practices. With the presented methodology and proposed application, the authors demonstrate the effectiveness of VR applications in elevating students’ empathy levels, consequently enhancing their qualifications in universal design.
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