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PL
Wyniki badań stanowią podstawę do stwierdzenia, że szerokie zastosowanie nowoczesnych mitów politycznych jako elementu polityki społecznej i związanych z nimi technologii wynika przede wszystkim z globalnego kryzysu tożsamości. Na przykład, w nowoczesnych kategoriach krajów postsowieckich istnieje zniekształcona ideologiczna i psychologiczna próżnia po starych wartościach. Społeczeństwa tych krajów pilnie potrzebują świadomości i zrozumienia procesów społecznych i politycznych, ale politycy po prostu nie mają racjonalnego wyjaśnienia, w związku z czym obiektywnie powstaje mit, który staje się alternatywną formą racjonalnego istnienia. W rzeczywistości pod wpływem mass mediów, a w szczególności telewizji i Internetu, coraz więcej produkuje się i rozpowszechnia nowoczesnych mitów, stopniowo tworzy się zbiorowa mitologia. Tak więc mit polityczny może być uznany za skuteczny środek współczesnej kampanii wyborczej jako instrument oddziaływania na masy i świadomość polityczną, chociaż zawiera pewne wady. W szczególności, jego stosowanie prowadzi do oszustwa i wszelkiego rodzaju manipulacji świadomością publiczną. Istnieje więc realne niebezpieczeństwo politycznej alienacji osobowości, powstaje zniechęcenie społeczne do głównych wartości demokratycznych i rodzą się wątpliwości co do możliwości monitorowania porządku publicznego przez społeczeństwo.
EN
The results of the research presented in this paper clearly identify a deeply felt global identity crisis as the main culprit for the recent adaptation of political myths into social politics as well as for the technologies applied for their circulation. An example is the evidence of a distorted ideological and psychological vacuum of the former valuesystem in the new categories of modern postsoviet countries. These societies are in urgent need of the awareness and the understanding of political and social processes, but politicians are incapable of put forward any satisfying rational explanations. So the myth emerges as an alternative form of reality. Actually a steadily waxing number of popular myths springs up and is being transmitted by television and on the internet. So gradually a hoard of collective myths accumulates. The political myth can be regarded as a highly effective means to influence the masses and shape their political consciousness in times of electoral campaigns, even though it reveals certain shortcomings. Notably its application leads to manifold types of fraud and political manipulation of the public opinion. There exist the actual threats of individual political discouragement, of the public rejection of democratic values and a common doubt in the possibilities of successful political action and the effective control of law and order through the people.
EN
For the last decade there are characteristic two processes, which are mutually supplemented but directed on a miscellaneous: globalization process and the process of division, individualization. These processes play an important role not only in global economy, but also in everyday life. We collide with increasing amount of opinions, values, and methods of activity organizations. In a context of two complementary processes - globalization and division, the problems of cultures variety and identity are considered. The problem of mutual understanding and dialogue between the cultures becomes acuteness in modern conditions of development. In the society, where the problem of cultures variety is not just the academic problem, but requires decision in everyday life, becomes ripe a question: is that possible to consider non-European cultures equal to European? What are the criterions of an estimation of culture equivalence, by what parameters is it possible to estimate? Certainly the parameter of tolerance to the differences belongs to the strongest parameters, and we consider our culture mature, because it tolerantly concerns differences, but those representatives of our culture, that don't do that we consider as barbarians. The world is doomed for cultures variety which is a great gift for all of us. This term has a lot of measurements and forms of contacts between cultures, that that conducts to creation of absolutely new culture. Variety cultures pawn the tolerance first of all for variety-ethnic societies, so the possibility of dialogue, necessity of mutual trust creation, as a basis of global society creation. Only the joint activity makes some chances for the global problems resolving, and it is possible in borders of historical integration of Europe, including liquidation of division on "two Europe" - western and eastern.
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