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Późnośredniowieczna ceramika naczyniowa z gródka stożkowatego w Giecznie, gm. Zgierz, pow. zgierski, woj. łódzkie

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Nierychlewska A., Sikora J.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

2018

issue 33

113-151

A Late medieval motte-and-bailey timber castle in Gieczno was recognized by an analysis of the LiDAR derived Digital Terrain Model in 2014. The stronghold’s remnants are situated in the Moszczenica River valley, on a small hillock – most probably the residual terrace. It is preserved as a small mound, elevated no more then 1,5 m above the surrounding floodplain in the bottom of the valley. The mound has dimensions of 31 x 33 m and an area of about 890 m2. It is surrounded by a moat, about 8 to 10 m wide, and an adjacent low rampart not exceeding the height of 0.5 in relation to the bottom of the moat. The course of the rampart is interrupted in the south-eastern part. Another small, oval hillock with dimensions of approximately 23.4 x 37.9 m is noticeable there. This find should be interpreted as remains of a motte and bailey castle with an economic area which supplemented the mound. In 2015, a field investigation was run by Jerzy Sikora from the Institute of Archaeology of University of Łódź. During two weeks of field work, two trenches were explored: Trench 1 (with dimensions of 1,5 x 35 m) cut the mound from its center to the South through the moat and the outer rampart in order to obtain a cross section of the feature. Trench 2 (with dimensions of 12 x 1,5 m) was situated on the hillock (supposedly – motte) with the aim to recognize its stratigraphy. During the excavation, a collection of Late Medieval potsherds was obtain (1472 pieces) together with a small number of metal finds, bones, slag pieces and a carved wooden artefact – a part of the Late Medieval furniture piece. An analysis of the collection helped to establish its chronology to the 14th and first half of 15th centuries. The collection was distinguished by a significant number of potsherds made with the use of traditional methods and a relatively low amount of potsherds fired in a reducing (oxidizing) atmosphere. This indicates ties with the local, rural workshops rather than with the advanced manufacturing known in towns. The excavations of the Gieczno stronghold revealed two phases of the feature: • Phase I – the timber ringwork, protected with a small inner rampart, a palisade, a moat and an outer rampart can be dated by the radiocarbon analysis supported by an analysis of the finds to the 1st quarter of the14th century.

Historia i prahistoria nieistniejącej już dziś wsi Kuców

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Nierychlewska A., Olędzki M.

Eastern Review

2022

vol. 11

issue 1

33-53

The article discusses the history and prehistory of the no longer existing village of Kuców, formerly located in the Kleszczów municipality, near the town of Belchatow. It was the vicinity of a large opencast brown coal mine, “Belchatow”, that resulted in its destruction. The expanding area of the mine led to the fact that even before 1991 the local inhabitants had to be expropriated and evacuated, and in 1993 all material traces of their existence disappeared forever. Nevertheless, the described village of Kuców could be proud of its rich history dating back to the Middle Ages, as well as of its impressive prehistory excavated by archaeologists’ shovels. After all, this place, with some longer and shorter intervals, was exploited agriculturally since the Neolithic Age, while continuing this activity through the Bronze Age and the Roman period. The research evidence for this is analysed in detail by both the authors.

Treść artykułu stanowi historia i prahistoria nieistniejącej już wsi Kuców, znajdującej się dawniej w gminie Kleszczów, nieopodal miasta Bełchatowa. Właśnie to sąsiedztwo z wielką kopalnią odkrywkową węgla brunatnego „Bełchatów” przyniosło jej zagładę. Rozrastający się areał kopalniany doprowadził bowiem do tego, że jeszcze przed 1991 r. trzeba było wywłaszczyć i ewakuować tamtejszych mieszkańców, a w 1993 r. wszelkie ślady materialne ich egzystencji bezpowrotnie zniknęły. Tym niemniej opisywana wieś kucowska mogła się pochwalić bogatą, sięgającą średniowiecza historią, a także wydobytą przez łopaty archeologów, nie mniej imponującą prahistorią. Wszakże miejsce to, z pewnymi, dłuższymi i krótszymi przerwami, eksploatowano rolniczo już od epoki neolitu, kontynuując tę działalność przez epokę brązu i okres rzymski. Tak też było do lat 90. XX w. Przesłanki badawcze, które o powyższym zaświadczają są niżej przez obojga autorów skrupulatnie analizowane.

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1 Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

1 Eastern Review

2 Nierychlewska A.

1 Olędzki M.

1 Sikora J.

1 2022

1 2018

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Późnośredniowieczna ceramika naczyniowa z gródka stożkowatego w Giecznie, gm. Zgierz, pow. zgierski, woj. łódzkie

Historia i prahistoria nieistniejącej już dziś wsi Kuców