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EN
Gianni Vattimo (1936-) is one of the most popular European thinkers and one of the most important representatives of philosophical postmodernism. He has also become prominent outside of the philosophical circles for his political activism in supporting gay rights as well as for his position as a Member of the European Parliament. His ideas have had a wide-ranging influence on such disciplines as feminism, theology, sexuality studies and globalization. In our article, we have presented Vattimo’s original concept of “weak thought”. The expression pensiero debole (“weak thought”) refers to the theory of a weakening of existence in the times of the end of metaphysics. The consequence of weak thought should be weak Christianity and the ethics of mercy as illustrated by “bioethics without dogmas”.
EN
Currently, ethnic minorities make up about 4% of the population in Poland. Social policy in this area underwent a fundamental transformation in the nineteen eighties. Since that time, legislation aimed at safeguarding the interests of ethnic minorities been slowly enacted. On the basis of an analysis of these legal instruments it appears that they were based on a specific axiology whose fundamental feature is the concept of personalism and, arising out of this concept, respect for every individual acknowledging their ethnic, religious and cultural identity. It is essential to recognise the value of ethnicity, human dignity, fraternity as well as of cultural and religious diversity towards the members of other racial and ethnic groups. This axiological catalogue has practical implications in the material and financial sphere which safeguards the legitimate expectations of minority groups wishing to freely develop within their own culture and religion. Therefore, the reconstruction of the axiology of Polish social policy towards ethnic minorities shows that Poland is a country that satisfies the demand of multiculturalism understood as 'diversity in unity'.
EN
The aim of this article is to present the research problem of the reconstruction and presentation of the axiological layer of the ethical and social teachings of John Paul II, which is implicitly included in his papal writings and documents. The innovative nature of this research results from the fact that until now none of the known publications of his teachings have systematically and thoroughly laid out axiological problems, which constitute an immanent part of his teaching. Papal teaching is generally subjected to analytical and synthetic research from the point of view of theology, Catholic social science, sociology, political sciences and at times philosophy, but never from the point of view of the theory of values. The research will be the first attempt to synthesize the axiological thought of the transcendental humanism of John Paul II.
PL
Celem artykułu jest podjęcie problemu badawczego, jakim jest zrekonstruowanie i zaprezentowanie aksjologicznej warstwy nauczania etyczno-społecznego Jana Pawła II, która implicite zawarta jest w pismach i dokumentach papieskich. Nowatorski charakter problemu badawczego wynika z tego, iż do tej pory w żadnych ze znanych publikacji dotyczących tego nauczania nie ma opracowanej, w sposób systematyczny i gruntowny, problematyki aksjologicznej, która stanowi jego immanentną część. Nauczanie papieskie poddawane jest na ogół badaniom analityczno-syntetycznym z punktu widzenia teologii, katolickiej nauki społecznej, socjologii, politologii, czasami filozofii, natomiast nigdy z punktu widzenia teorii wartości. Przeprowadzone badania będą stanowić pierwszą próbę syntezy myśli aksjologicznej humanizmu transcendentnego Jana Pawła II.
PL
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie problemu badań na opracowa-niem krytycznym i wydaniem wraz z komentarzem dwóch pism polemicz-nych czołowych reprezentantów katolicko-prawosławnej polemiki wyzna-niowej na ziemiach ruskich I Rzeczypospolitej. Będą to dzieła: Kasjana Sa-kowicza Perspektywa (1642) oraz Piotra Mohyły Lithos (1644). Proponowa-ne badania mogą mieć istotne znaczenie w rozwoju wiedzy na temat staro-polskiej i staroruskiej kultury literackiej tworzonej zarówno przez wyznaw-ców Kościoła katolickiego, jak i przez pisarzy wywodzących się z kręgu chrześcijaństwa wschodniego – prawosławnego w I połowie w XVII wieku.
EN
The purpose of this article is to present the research problem related with conducting a critical analysis of two polemical writings authored by the leading representatives of the Catholic-Orthodox religious polemics who lived on the Ruthenian lands of the First Republic of Poland. The works will include: Perspektywa (1642) by Kasjan Sakowicz and Lithos (1644) by Piotr Mohyła. The project, which is also aimed at later publication of the above texts provided with a commentary, will play a significant role in the devel-opment of knowledge about literary culture created both by the followers of the Catholic Church and by writers originating from the sphere of Eastern Christianity in the first half of the seventeenth century.
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