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Montánno-historický výskum na Slovensku po roku 1989

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EN
In the submitted study the author has tried to present the results of mining and historical research in Slovakia for the last 20 years. However, such task is very difficult because the theme of the history of mining and metallurgy has been analysed in lot of text-books, particularly from numerous seminars, conferences or other specialized actions. Professional Slovak historiography could obtain the access to the themes of mining history only after World War II and after its institutionalization as independent science. After 1948 the published results of economic history research were limited by ideological instrumentalization and by the fact that their authors came out of Slovak Marxist national history concept. Some economic history works from these times are still timeless. After 1989 interest in economic history in Slovak historiography expressly decreased, but still has kept its continuity, in which the new generation of researchers can continue.
EN
The author outlines the basic developmental trends in the production of Hungarian copper and its key problems in the researched period of the War of the Austrian Succession (1740 – 1748), which led to the signing of new basic contracts concerning trade in Hungarian copper. The author analyses the mechanisms for managing mine and metal production on the level of the whole Monarchy and precisely in this period of basic reform of economic administration. The real profit to the state from mining comprised those items that the copper fund (Kupferfundum) and state mining enterprises recorded as liabilities or obligations, which commercial partners regularly provided to the state as loan capital. A payment of such debts represented one of the main external problems of the state mining enterprise and maintenance of the state monopoly on copper with its purchase from private producers in the Spiš – Gemer mining region, where the debts also gradually increased, formed a further – internal problem in the state enterprise. In the period of the War of the Austrian Succession (1740 – 1748), these two factors seriously affected the development of the whole Hungarian copper industry. This finally led to the managing officials finding a strategic partner for the marketing of copper in the form of the banking house of Jakob Küner von Künersberg and Ján Goll.
EN
The author maps the activities of mining interest organizations in Slovakia up to the 1929. The Union of Mining and Foundry Enterprises (Zväz banských a hutníckych závodov) associated only private companies and membership was only voluntary. The union fully developed its activities after 1921, and engaged in many economic, political and social questions. In the process of reforming the fraternal savings banks (bratské pokladnice), a need to cooperate more closely with the state-owned mines was emerged. This led to the formation of a new interest group in 1926: the Slovak Mining Region (Slovenský banský revír). Since membership of this corporation was already compulsory, its influence on the development of economic policy increased, especially after 1929. The agenda of the banking interest organizations strongly reflects all the problems, with which the extractive industry in Slovakia had to struggle in the period of the first Czechoslovak Republic.
EN
The author maps the activities of mining interest organizations in Slovakia up to 1929. The Union of Mining and Foundry Enterprises (Zväz banských a hutníckych závodov) associated only private companies and membership was only voluntary. The union fully developed its activities after 1921, and engaged in many economic, political and social questions. In the process of reforming the fraternal insurance companies (bratské pokladnice), the need to more closely cooperate with the state-owned mines emerged. This led to the formation of a new interest group in 1926: the Slovak Mining Region (Slovenský banský revír). Since the membership of this corporation was already compulsory, its influence on the development of economic policy increased, especially after 1929. The agenda of the banking interest organizations strongly reflects all the problems, with which the extractive industry in Slovakia had to struggle in the period of the first Czechoslovak Republic.
EN
The history of copper ore mining in the Kingdom of Hungary and especially in the Spiš – Gemer mining region was marked by an ambivalent relationship between the state and private producers from the introduction of a state monopoly on copper at the end of the 17th century to its end in the mid-19th century. It was no accident that this ambivalence appeared most strongly in the Spiš – Gemer region, because the greater part of production was in private hands here, and in the first half of the 18th century, this mountainous region gained first place in the production of copper in Hungary. During the troubled times of the financially exhausting War of the Austrian Succession (1740 – 1748), the relationship of the private Spiš – Gemer copper producers to the state was strained, because the payments for the purchase of copper were seriously delayed and the claims of the producers on the state grew from month to month. The representatives of the state chamber and mining administration reflected the needs of the producers, but state interests had priority, especially the current power-political and military priorities of the Monarchy.
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