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Wpływ aspirantów Katedry Ekonomii Politycznej w Instytucie Kształcenia Kadr Naukowych w Warszawie na polską ekonomię po II wojnie światowej

100%
Czarny B.
Ekonomia. Rynek, Gospodarka, Społeczeństwo
|
2015
|
issue 41
25-57
PL
Artykuł jest próbą opisania kierowanej przez Włodzimierza Brusa Katedry Ekonomii Politycznej w Instytucie Kształcenia Kadr Naukowych (IKKN), który działał w Warszawie w latach 1950–1953, a następnie zmienił nazwę na Instytut Nauk Społecznych. W oparciu m.in. o dane archiwalne analizuję wpływ aspirantów Katedry na ekonomię w Polsce. Polemizuję z poglądem Johna Connelly’ego, który twierdzi, że Instytut jedynie nieznacznie przyczynił się do umocnienia marksizmu-leninizmu na polskich wyższych uczelniach. Usiłuję wykazać, że w przypadku ekonomii było inaczej. Młodzi ekonomiści z IKKN wieloma różnymi sposobami wsparli swoich nauczycieli i wychowawców: Włodzimierza Brusa, Bronisława Minca, Józefa Zawadzkiego, Seweryna Żurawickiego i innych, którzy po pogromie polskiej ekonomii w 1949 roku przejęli wpływy na polskich uczelniach ekonomicznych.
EN
This paper is an attempt to describe the Department of Political Economy at the Institute for Training Scientific Cadres (IKKN), which operated in Warsaw in years 1950−1953, and later changed its name to the Institute for Social Sciences (INS). I endeavour to analyze the influence of the Department’s graduate students (aspiranci) on the Polish economics. I disagree with John Connelly’s opinion that the Institute had only a small contribution in strengthening the position of Marxism- Leninism in Polish academia. In case of economics the situation was different. I present numerous ways in which young economists from IKKN supported their teachers and mentors: Włodzimierz Brus, Bronisław Minc, Józef Zawadzki, Seweryn Żurawicki and others, who in Stalinist Poland took over high schools of economics through administrative and police methods. In particular, aspiranci from the IKKN hold the key positions in the structures of the Marxist political economy, newly formed after 1949. It helped them to gain strong influence over its crucial aspects, starting from access to economic information, through the research and publishing economic papers and books on economy, to the teaching. As a result IKKN, next to the Main School of Planning and Statistics (SGPiS) opened in 1949, proved to be one of the main tools in transforming Polish economics into communist political economy.
2
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Economics as an Empirical Science

100%
Czarny B.
Warsaw Forum of Economic Sociology
|
2010
|
vol. 1
|
issue 2
7-34
EN
The author seeks an answer to a complex question whether and on what conditions economy may be considered an empirical science. In the first part, basic epistemological and methodological issues along with the problems of rhetorical nature encountered by economists are discussed. In the next part peculiarities of economics are explored, in particular limited possibility of experimenting, uncertainty and generality of forecasts, how research and publication of results influence an object of research and the linkages between economics and human interests. Finally the future directions for economic research are debated, especially, the possible potential of experimental economics and observation, as well as whether and to what extent results of a research can be predicted.
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