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1
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Kontratyp aksjologiczny z art. 275 ust. 1a ustawy – Prawo o szkolnictwie wyższym i nauce jako przejaw patologii legislacyjnej w postępowaniu dyscyplinarnym wobec nauczycieli akademickich

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Czarnecki P.
Forum Polityki Kryminalnej
|
2023
|
issue 2(6)
1-30
EN
The main subject of consideration in the article is the legislative solution provided for in Art. 275 sec. 1a of the Act of July 20, 2018. Law on Higher Education and Science with the following content: “It is not a disciplinary offense to express religious, ideological or philosophical beliefs”, which was introduced on December 10, 2021. The author exhaustively discusses the essence and axiology of disciplinary proceedings against academic teachers, and then presents the purpose of introducing the indicated regulation, criticizing both the imprecise premises for the application of this legislative solution, as well as discussing practical procedural problems, in the conclusions demanding the repeal of the introduced provision. The new provision may in practice drastically limit the disciplinary liability of academic teachers, and in the final part it illustrates its considerations with statistical data on the application of Art. 275 sec. 1a of the Act in question.
PL
Przedmiotem artykułu jest rozwiązanie legislacyjne przewidziane w art. 275 ust. 1a ustawy z 20 lipca 2018 r. – Prawo o szkolnictwie wyższym i nauce o treści: „Nie stanowi przewinienia dyscyplinarnego wyrażanie przekonań religijnych, światopoglądowych lub filozoficznych”, które wprowadzono w dniu 10 grudnia 2021 r. Autor omawia okoliczności towarzyszące wprowadzeniu tej regulacji wobec nauczycieli akademickich, a następnie prezentuje cel jej wprowadzenia, zarówno krytykując nieprecyzyjne przesłanki zastosowania tego rozwiązania legislacyjnego, jak i omawiając praktyczne problemy proceduralne stosowania wskazanego przepisu. Natomiast w konkluzjach domaga się uchylenia wprowadzonego przepisu. Autor krytykuje nowe rozwiązanie, gdyż pozwala ono wyłączyć odpowiedzialność dyscyplinarną nauczycieli akademickich, a w końcowej części swoje rozważania ilustruje danymi statystycznymi na temat stosowania art. 275 ust. 1a omawianej ustawy.
2
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The basic goals and tasks of media activities in ethics of the media

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Czarnecki P.
Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne
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2016
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issue 4(23)
17-30
EN
Speaking of the media, I mean the whole of the press (newspapers and magazines), radio, television, and in recent years the Internet (or at least so-called Internet portals). This demonstrative definition of media also appeared in a number of studies on media and media ethics. This definition does not include, however, the complexity of the media, says nothing about the overt and covert mechanisms linking media with its social, economic and political surroundings, and finally does not indicate the purpose of the media, which seem to be essential both to differentiate what media really stands for and what does not, as well as to evaluate ethically the behaviour of the media. Therefore, in this article first I will describe the basic objectives of the media, then I will draw attention to their formal and informal structure and will discuss the basic requirements, which should be met by the media ethics.
3
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Modern computational issues of sexual ethics

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Czarnecki P.
Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne
|
2013
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issue 2(6)
33-47
EN
Ethics of sexuality is an exceptional field within the realm of ethics, due to its close connection with extra-ethical concepts, mainly religious ones. This fact differentiates sexual ethics from other ethical disciplines, such as ethics of business or eco-ethics. This is because, however one can talk about Christian or non-Christian (e.g. utilitarian) concepts within those ethics, there is no way one could talk about utilitarian ethics of sexuality: such ethics as a separate discipline simply do not exist. In my article I would like to formulate and justify values and principles relating to sexual relations. In order to do so, one has on one hand to consider the values formulated by Christian ethics, as well as the principles built on them – and, on the other hand, to look at arguments for including the sphere of sexuality within “lay” ethical reflexion. In my considerations as main research problem I pose the thesis: should sexual drive and the behaviours immediately resulting therefrom undergo ethical evaluation, or as a private sphere, they should remain outside the scope of interest of ethics.
4
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Reflections on sexual ethics

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Czarnecki P.
Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne
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2013
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issue 1(5)
39-53
EN
Ethics of sexuality is an exceptional field within the realm of ethics, due to its close connection with extra-ethical concepts, mainly religious ones. This fact differentiates sexual ethics from other ethical disciplines, such as ethics of business or eco-ethics. This is because, however one can talk about Christian or non-Christian (e.g. utilitarian) concepts within those ethics, there is no way one could talk about utilitarian ethics of sexuality: such ethics as a separate discipline simply do not exist. In my article I would like to formulate and justify values and principles relating to sexual relations. In order to do so, one has on one hand to consider the values formulated by Christian ethics, as well as the principles built on them – and, on the other hand, to look at arguments for including the sphere of sexuality within “lay” ethical reflexion. In my considerations as main research problem I pose the thesis: should sexual drive and the behaviours immediately resulting therefrom undergo ethical evaluation, or as a private sphere, they should remain outside the scope of interest of ethics.
5
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Teoria pracy socjalnej

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Czarnecki P.
Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne
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2012
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issue 2
403-428
EN
In this article the author focuses on the theory of social work as a science. The term has two main meanings: (1) a system of statements that can be verified, (2) a particular area, which aims to study the professional assistance activities.
6
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Stereotypy a predsudky na tému sexuality človeka

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Czarnecki P.
Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne
|
2014
|
issue 3(9)
77-83
7
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Definícia etiky

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Czarnecki P.
Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne
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2016
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issue 2(15)
37-49
EN
The definition of ethics reveals a number of problems associated with determining the identity of ethics and demarcation separating it from other disciplines. Choosing definition There is essential question: each definition introduces some new concepts that are most often prove to be far less clear than the defined concepts and leading to the said difficulties.
8
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Mediacja akademicka – konfrontacja teorii z uczelnianą praktyką

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Czarnecki P.
Forum Polityki Kryminalnej
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2022
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issue 2(4)
1-22
EN
Paweł Czarnecki’s aim in this article is to present the legal measure of mediation conducted in disciplinary proceedings against academic teachers (academic mediation), introduced on October 1st 2018, after the entry into force of the Act of July 20th 2018, Law on Higher Education and Science. Czarnecki discusses the following aspects of this measure: the definition of academic mediation, the procedure of referring a case to mediation, general principles of mediation proceedings, stages of this procedure, and postulates aimed at increasing the efficiency of proceedings in such cases. Based on his analysis of statistical data obtained from Polish universities, Czarnecki puts forward a thesis that, unless the provisions on academic mediation are changed, mediation will not be an effective instrument to help resolve conflicts at a university between the accused academic teacher and the victim.
PL
Celem niniejszego artykułu naukowego jest przedstawienie instytucji prawnej, którą jest obowiązująca od 1 października 2018 r., a wprowadzona do systemu prawa na podstawie przepisów ustawy z 20 lipca 2018 r. – Prawo o szkolnictwie wyższym i nauce, mediacja prowadzona w postępowaniu dyscyplinarnym wobec nauczycieli akademickich (mediacja akademicka). W tekście zostaną zaprezentowane: pojęcie mediacji akademickiej, inicjowanie mediacji, zasady postępowania mediacyjnego, przebieg tego postępowania oraz postulaty mające na celu sprawne procedowanie na ten temat. Autor, odwołując się do wyników prowadzonych przez siebie badań naukowych, stawia tezę, że jeśli nie zmienią się przepisy dotyczące mediacji akademickiej oraz praktyka ich stosowania na uczelni, to mediacja nigdy nie będzie skutecznym instrumentem służącym rozwiązywaniu konfliktów na uczelni wyższej.
9
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Personálny manažment

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Czarnecki P.
Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne
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2016
|
issue 4(23)
5-15
EN
This paper deals with theoretical characteristics of human resources management, the role of manag- ers in personal management and specific personal activities such as motivation, salary policy, further education and training of employees and their evaluation.
10
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Social work. Theory and practice

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Czarnecki P.
Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne
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2015
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issue 3(18)
95-110
EN
In this article the theory of social work will be discussed more specifically. By “theory of social work” I mean the field of science, the subject of which is the practice of social work. The primary aim of this article is to present it as the science and not only describe various theories developed in the context of this doctrine.
11
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The theory of social work

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Czarnecki P.
Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne
|
2014
|
issue 3(15)
111-125
EN
In this article the theory of social work will be discussed more specifically. By «theory of social work» I mean the field of science, the subject of which is the practice of social work. The primary aim of this article is to present it as the science and not only describe various theories developed in the context of this doctrine.
12
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Reflections on the future of social pedagogy

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Czarnecki P.
Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne
|
2018
|
issue 4(25)
5-22
EN
This article will present some forecasts and postulates regarding the development of social pedagogy in the near future. Social pedagogy is both a theoretical and practical discipline, so if we reflect on its future, then we should discuss these two aspects separately. Obviously, working on the development of theories in disciplines such as social pedagogy makes sense only on the condition that these theories can be then implemented in practice, but it must be also borne in mind that the possibility of influencing the practice by the theory (e.g. social policy or social work) depends on a number of factors on which social pedagogy has no factual impact. Hence, in the context of a discussion on the future of social pedagogy, the distinction between theory and practical needs as well as possibilities of its implementation seems very much justified, because there is always the possibility that an intense development of theory might not be accompanied by equally intense activities in the area of practice.
13
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The History of Social Work

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Czarnecki P.
Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne
|
2014
|
issue 2(8)
169-183
14
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Social pedagogy and the system of care and social assistance

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Czarnecki P.
Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne
|
2014
|
issue 2(14)
139-153
EN
The following article analyzes the relationship between social pedagogy, social policy and the system of care and social assistance. The term “system of care and social assistance” should be understood here as widely as possible. It is therefore not only of direct support and assistance in the form of social work, social care homes, etc., but with all the services provided by the state forms of support, ranging from different types of activation in areas of poverty and exclusion, by solving the problems of addiction, to the organization of assistance to the sick or old. Therefore it is not only to reduce this system to social assistance. Thus understood, the welfare system is an area of practical activity, intended to produce specific social change.
15
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Ethical aspects of a relationship between media and the politics power

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Czarnecki P.
Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne
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2017
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issue 1(24)
11-28
EN
It is particularly important for media to respect certain ethical norms related to politics due to the fact that they are for the vast majority of their own customers the only source of political information. In as much as media recipients are able to get to know many areas of their reality in a direct way so as to confront any media coverage with their own viewpoint, the politics as such does not allow for such an opportunity. The recipients cannot therefore act according to the principle (which admittedly belongs more to the field of rationality than morality) requiring them to favour only direct contact with their reality when it comes to particularly significant matters1, with political decisions belonging to such a scope of issues. It also appears that the recipients are obliged to formulate clear expectations towards media, so that they provide, if possible, a comprehensive and impartial set of information and opinions on matters of the politics. This approach can be effective due to the functioning of certain media mechanisms requiring to adapt the content to the tastes and expectations of the widest possible audiences.
16
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The definition of social work

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Czarnecki P.
Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne
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2014
|
issue 1(13)
193-198
EN
The object of social work are both the individuals and social groups (families or more extended communities). Depending on which groups of people require help, social work arouses various requirements which from the point of view of the social workers’ education create the need for specialisation. One can distinguish several specific groups of the clients of social work: children, the old age people (gerontological nursing), ill and disabled individuals and local communities. Special problems and challenges appear when a child is its object. It happens that because in the case of children separating interim help or long-term financial assistance from the pedagogic influence is impossible, and thus from responsibility for charges’ future. Social workers do not bear full responsibility for the state of child’s future, because they share this responsibility with different subjects, it does not mean, however, that they do not bear it at all. One can distinguish two extreme positions among the theoreticians of social work: according to one of them, represented among others by H. Radlińska, social welfare institutions totally take over the responsibility for the child’s future, what is connected with the limitation of freedom, and according to the latter, such a responsibility, in practice, is not possible.
17
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Teoretické východiská rizika a krízového manažmentu

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Czarnecki P.
Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne
|
2016
|
issue 3(22)
53-64
EN
This paper deals with theoretical basis of risk as risk management, risk analysis and propose measures to eliminate risks. Work focuses also on the definition of risk, risk classification, describes crisis management and operation of the company, propose a method for monitoring and managing risks.
18
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Professional ethics

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Czarnecki P.
Humanum. Międzynarodowe Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne
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2012
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issue 2(9)
51-60
EN
It should be noted first of all, that professional ethics is a certain particularisation of general ethics. This particularisation does not mean, however, that in comparison with the general ethics, it addresses minor issues dealing with fragments of reality, or the problems faced by only a certain group of people engaged in particular profession. Problems of professional ethics are basically the same problems which general ethics is trying to solve, the same in the sense that there is no difference between general values and the values realized by exercising a profession or difference between moral virtues in general and the virtues which appear to be particularly important for those practicing a specific profession. Truth, for example, is a moral value, irrespective of whether it is the truth within the understanding of a journalist, teacher or doctor, as well as truthfulness is a virtue, regardless of whether it is a truthful journalist, doctor, etc. This also means that any decisions made within professional ethics are also valid for all members of the community. Recognizing for example that one of the basic moral standards of medical ethics is the duty of concern for the patient, we recognize at the same time, that this injunction applies in all situations in which one man’s welfare depends on the behaviour of another. The primary objective of professional ethics is not, therefore, to determine moral standards for situations that happen only sporadically in everyday life of the most people, and which therefore would apply primarily within the relevant professional groups.
19
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Pedagogika społeczna. Podstawowe pojęcia i definicje

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Czarnecki P.
Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne
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2012
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issue 1
389-414
EN
Showing the direction, setting a certain aim and giving support to achieve it, is the essence of pedagogy. Here it is assumed that both sides of the upbringing process have accepted this aim, that is, both charge and tutor whose task is, as the upbringing process proceeds, only to “accompany” his charge in achieving aims which he accepts as his own. Running direct educational activities is not an aim of social pedagogy in practice, but solving definite problems connected with a social life, such as problems of poverty and social exclusion. That is why the special object of interest of social pedagogy is social assistance, social work and broadly comprehended social protective activities.
20
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The impact of media in the theory of media ethics

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Czarnecki P.
Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne
|
2016
|
issue 4(17)
9-25
EN
The following article consists of two parts. In the first part, I am going to discuss the critical attitude of media employees when it comes to professional ethics, trying to identify the main reasons for such an approach. I am then going to point out to those areas of media activity which are in general either not covered by the codes of ethics or are treated insufficiently and inadequately, particularly when the modern conditions of the functioning of media are taken into account. In the second part, I am going to discuss a few examples of ethical codes, expressing at the same time certain criticism with regard to some general concepts of the ethics of media.
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