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EN
The paper focuses on ancient ideas, myths and texts, which has been adapted by Third Reich in order to build Nazi ideology. Hitler’s followers passionately read works of Plato, Plutarch and Tacitus, however, their intention was not to learn about antiquity, but to fit ancient thoughts to National Socialism. The same thing NSDAP tried to do with ancient art, architecture, gestures (Roman salute) and symbols (swastika). Führer’s attitude towards Greek and Roman antiquity was very complex. Psychological term to name this ambiguous relationship is “double-bind”.
EN
In Xenophon’s Symposium and Oeconomicus we can observe two ways of manifestation of Eros: eros paidikos (i.e. pederasty) and matrimonial love between man and woman. On the one side, Xenophon describes eros paidikos as a power creating true, lasting and deeply affectionate friendship, which, still, may not include sexual intercourses; on the other, matrimonial love can offer erotic reciprocity and mutual respect, but a man and his wife remain quite different and, in fact, unequal. This picture helps us to understand reasons of the ancient controversy between followers of these two kinds of eros, which remained unsolved for many centuries.
LA
De similitudinibus ad structuram pertinentibus inter Orationem Dominicam Evangelio secundum Mathaeum insertam ac frequentes in litteris Graecorum antiquorum preces ad deos disputatur. Cum supplicationes litterariae investigatae olim essent a K. Ausfeldo, demonstratum est eas plena forma ex partibus tribus constare, quas ille vir doctus invocationem, partem mediam et preces ipsas nominavit descripsitque. In Oratione Dominica eiusmodi elementa structurae inveniri possunt: Pater noster, qui es in caelis congruit ad invocationem cum epithetis laudantibus. Tres supplicationes sequentes quoque laudationis species putentur. Orationes a versu 11 ad finem consentiunt cum parte, quae preces ipsae vocatur. Versus autem sicut et nos dimmittimus debitoribus nostris, qui in formam dimismus corrigendus est, parti mediae responere potest.
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DE
Dieser Artikel diskutiert die Rolle des Narren in den vollständig erhaltenen Werken des Aristophanes. Zu Beginn wird die Bedeutung des Begriffes „bômolochus“ analysiert, um daraufhin die Charakteristika einer solchen Person herauszuarbeiten. Anschließend erfolgt die Untersuchung der in den Komödien des Aristophanes auftauchenden Narren, die in zwei Kategorien eingeteilt sind: (1.) der Narr in der Nebenrolle und (2.) der närrische Protagonist. Neben den für einen Narren typischen Techniken der Komik, spielt die Obszönität eine wichtige Rolle. Die Hauptaufgabe des Narren in den Werken von Aristophanes ist es, eine derbe Form des Humors zu kreieren.
EN
The article discusses the role of the eyes and sight in the process of perceiving the world and another person according to Greek spiritual culture. This regards two types of perception: one which results from the desire of its subject, as well as one which appears involuntarily causing sicknesses of the soul and body. The remedia amoris of ancient mystics and ascetics are analyzed, as well.
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