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This paper concerns depiction of saint children in Russian iconography of 19th century. Starting point is an icon of Hexaemeron from the beginning of the 19th century, from the collection of National Museum in Warsaw. The center of its iconopraphic program is a theological story of the creation of the world with representations relating to the history of universal and Russian Orthodox Church. At the bottom of the border of the icon there is a scene of murder of tsarevitch Dmitry, the youngest son of Ivan the Terrible, killed in Uglich in 1591. The death of the boy marked the beginning of many dark events in the Russian history. This article attempts to answer the question regarding the meaning of the depictions of Dmitry’s death in iconography, in the context of childern’s iconography in the late Russian icons.
EN
The article discusses the role of Alexander Nevsky – a Russian prince and a saint of Orthodox Church. Russian writing sources describe him primarily as a winner of the battles against the Swedes in 1240 (the battle of Neva) and the forces of the Livonian Order and Bishopric of Dorpat in 1242 (the Battle on the Ice) and prince who became a monk before his death in 1263. The cult of Alexander began shortly after his death however, its enormous development came only later. The popularity of saint prince increased during the times of Ivan Terrible – after the mid-16th century and in the age of Peter the Great – in the 18th century. The oldest preserved icons of Alexander come from the second half of 16th century and show him as a holy monk. In the 18th-20th centuries the art of official church is dominated by images of Alexander as a ruler and victorious warrior.
EN
This paper pertains to the relationship between the veneration of icons and the acts of their insult in nineteenth-century Imperial Russia, the starting point of which are fragments of the polemical writings of Fyodor Dostoevsky (about The Sealed Angel by Nikolai Leskov) and his novel Demons. Dostoevsky often touches on the subject of popular beliefs, reactions to inappropriate behaviour towards icons. He also deals with the issue of the material value of icons. The works of the writer (and other authors) contained descriptions of the feelings evoked by icons and the ways of handling with them among Russians. Therefore, these texts should be taken into account in future studies of nineteenth-century icons.
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