Ensuring public safety is a public task regulated in domestic and international legal systems. Polish Constitution allocates this task to executive authorities: the President of the Republic of Poland and the Council of Ministers. In order to accomplish the task these constitutional organs of the Polish state are legally obligated to effectively cooperate, and according to the Crisis Management Act 2007, it is the governmental administration that should play the essential role in the field of public safety.
The article offers an analysis of selected legal issues regarding components of a legal structure of control regarding cooperation between public and private entities in municipal services. The text’s subject matter deals with the key categories in contemporary state. The analysis concludes that the subject is adomain of jurisprudence seeing the effectiveness of public property laws as connected especially with the construction of both control and supervision. The analysed topics which are also relevant in the European Union should take into account scientific accomplishments in the field. These legal topics require further analysis by those in public economic law domain.
The article tackles selected issues regarding the significance of international law and other regulations, including the provisions of the EU law, on the juridicial status of self-governance in Poland. The researched material and its analysis indicate that international legislation and the legislative achievements of the Council of Europe in particular, have been taken into account in the process of the restitution of self-government structures in Poland.
PL
Opracowanie porusza wybrane zagadnienia odnoszące się do znaczenia prawa międzynarodowego, w tym unijnego i jego praktyki na status jurydyczny samorządu terytorialnego w Polsce. Zbadany wybiórczo materiał i przeprowadzone rozważania dają podstawę do stwierdzenia, że restytucja samorządu terytorialnego w naszym państwie uwzględniała wzmiankowane prawodawstwo międzynarodowe, a zwłaszcza dorobek Rady Europy.
This article offers an analysis of current Polish economic administration under a new situation resulting from the establishment and operation of the European Union. Economic administration is an element of a public authority system, and its functions and place in society are determined by legal order. Poland’s membership in the European Union, together with the previous adjustment period, has considerably changed our economic administration. This analysis concludes that the impact of the Union acquis on Polish economic administration is a process which should be carefully observed by academics and practitioners alike.
The legal status of an entrepreneur in the social market economy in Poland is mainly formed by the legal order which determines entrepreneurs’ rights and duties. Deliberations have been presented that a weighty part in legislation, application of law and enforcing the law addressed to entrepreneurs is played by the courts’ jurisdiction, both domestic and European. The meaning of jurisdiction in the social market economy has been growing with the development of integrating processes within the EU. Jurisdiction body ensures respect for the legal regime in economy. Jurisdiction is considered a factor that is helpful in creating the legal order.
Spory między przedsiębiorcami a organami administracji gospodarczej są głównie rozpoznawane przez sądy administracyjne. W pozostałym zakresie weryfikacja działań administracji gospodarczej odbywa się przed sądami powszechnymi. Kontrola sądów administracyjnych rozciąga się na zarówno stanowienie, jak i wykonywanie publicznego prawa gospodarczego. Wzorce kontroli działań administracji gospodarczej są budowane z norm Konstytucji RP, prawa unijnego oraz ustaw. Pomyślny rozwój działalności gospodarczej w państwie wymaga bezstronnej, niezależnej, niezawisłej i sprawnej władzy sądowniczej.
EN
Disputes between entrepreneurs and economic administration bodies are mainly heard by administrative courts. In the remaining scope, the verification of economic administration activities takes place before ordinary courts. This court-administrative control extends to both the making and enforcement of public economic law. Control patterns of economic administration activities are built from the following standards: the Polish Constitution, EU law, and parliamentary legislation. The successful development of economic activity requires an impartial, independent, and efficient judicial authority.
The Constitution is directly applied by administrative courts. Constitutional regulations are the basis for shaping the control pattern. The pro-constitutional interpretation of law is of great importance. The direct application of the Constitution by the administrative courts concerns different matters and serves to ensure the rule of law in the executive branch activities.
Professor Jan Boć conducted important and extensive research. Some arrangements contained in his achievements have entered the canon of administrative law and science of administration. The Professor is a continuator and builder of the Wroclaw School of Administrative Law.
The legal issues of territorial self-government are the subject of interest in jurisprudence. Territorial self-government forms an important and permanent part of the organizational structure of a democratic state ruled by law, which is aff ected by constitutional and international legal factors. Determining of the status of territorial self-government by means of parliament statutes and ordinances sometimes results in departing from the relevant constitutional and international requirements. That is why it is so important to guarantee the functioning of an impartial, independent and efficient judicial power in the field of the organization and functioning of territorial self-government in a modern state.
Konstytucyjnie określona społeczna gospodarka rynkowa zakłada aktywną rolę władzy publicznej w domenie gospodarowania. Regulacje prawne winny sprzyjać urzeczywistnianiu wolności działalności gospodarczej oraz realizacji ważnego interesu publicznego. Na gruncie obrotu gospodarczego nieuniknione są jednak spory pomiędzy przedsiębiorcami a organami administracji gospodarczej. Spory te powinny rozstrzygać właściwe krajowe, unijne i międzynarodowe sądy. Przywołane w opracowaniu orzeczenia potwierdzają, że sądy administracyjne w Polsce chronią wolność działalności gospodarczej i własność przedsiębiorców.
EN
The social market economy enshrined in the Constitution has envisaged an active role for administrative authorities in the field of the economy. Legal regulations in this field should promote both freedom of economic activity and implementation of important public interest. Nevertheless, conflicts in economic relations between entrepreneurs and authorities of economic administration are unavoidable. These conflicts should be settled by the competent domestic, European Union, and international courts. Relevant judgements discussed in this text confirm that administrative courts in Poland protect freedom of economic activity and property rights of entrepreneurs.
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